In which type of study design is it difficult to determine causal ordering?
A) Quasi-experimental
B) Longitudinal
C) Experimental
D) Cross-sectional

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In cross-sectional studies, data are collected at a single point in time from a sample that represents a larger population. Because of this, it's difficult to determine the sequence of events or establish causality, as there's no temporal data to indicate which variable may have influenced the other.

In Which Type of Study Design Is It Difficult to Determine