In Locke, primary properties ("qualities") are caused in us by objects but do not inhere in the objects themselves (e.g., color).

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Primary qualities, according to Locke, are inherent in objects themselves and include things like solidity, extension, motion, number, and figure. These qualities are thought to cause our perceptions of objects but are distinct from secondary qualities like color, which are not inherent in objects but rather are produced by the interaction between primary qualities and our senses.

In Locke, Primary Properties ("Qualities") Are Caused in Us by Objects