A probable psychological cause of substance-related disorders is
A) positive reinforcement.
B) negative reinforcement.
C) both a and b
D) none of the above

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Both positive reinforcement (experiencing pleasure or euphoria from drug use) and negative reinforcement (reducing negative emotions or physical symptoms through drug use) can lead to substance-related disorders. Additionally, other psychological factors such as stress, trauma, and mental health disorders can also contribute to the development of substance-related disorders.

A Probable Psychological Cause of Substance-Related Disorders Is