States are more likely to emerge out of chiefdoms when:
A) a chiefdom is very warlike
B) chiefdoms are surrounded by a lush environment which makes a surplus easy to produce
C) the population lives in a geographically circumscribed area
D) chiefdom's live have access to iron for making plows

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When a population lives in a geographically circumscribed area, it becomes more difficult to expand and sustain a chiefdom. As a result, conflicts may arise between different communities, leading to the emergence of states. In contrast, if a society has access to iron for making plows (option D), it may increase agricultural productivity, but this does not necessarily lead to the emergence of states. Option A is not necessarily true, as warlike chiefdoms may also become stronger and more centralized. Option B may lead to the accumulation of surplus, but it is not a sufficient condition for state formation.

States Are More Likely to Emerge Out of Chiefdoms When