Mike Waits Until the Night Before His Big Exam to Start

Mike waits until the night before his big exam to start studying. He maintains that last minute cramming keeps the information fresh in his memory. What does connectionist network research tell us about the effectiveness of cramming?

A) It is very effective because the information stays in short-term memory.
B) It is very ineffective because information is not tied into related nodes.
C) It is very effective because cramming automatically places new material in the middle of the appropriate region of memory.
D) It is very ineffective because information takes longer than one night to transfer over to long-term memory.