_____ bias may occur if study participants were self-selected or not randomly assigned.
A) Confounding
B) Measurement
C) Sample
D) Selection

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Selection bias refers to bias in the selection of participants for a study, and it can occur if participants are self-selected or if they are not randomly assigned to study conditions. Confounding bias refers to bias that arises from the presence of a confounding variable that is related to both the exposure and the outcome of interest. Measurement bias refers to bias that arises from the way that data is collected or measured. Sample bias refers to bias that arises from the method used to select the study sample or from the characteristics of the sample itself.

_____ Bias May Occur If Study Participants Were Self-Selected or Not