Studies by Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty with different strains of bacteria,and those by Gierer and Schramm with viruses,determined that proteins are highly complex molecules that form the genetic material for bacteria and viruses.

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Proteins are not the genetic material for bacteria and viruses, it is actually nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). The studies mentioned did contribute to the understanding of the role of nucleic acids in heredity, however.

Studies by Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty with Different Strains of Bacteria,and Those