Compared to a between-subjects design, the variance in a within-subjects design is greatly reduced because the ____ are measured and statistically removed.
A) individual differences
B) carry over effects
C) progressive error effects
D) instrumentation effects

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In a within-subjects design, the same participants are used in all conditions, which means individual differences are controlled for. This removes a significant source of variance in the results. Carry over effects, progressive error effects, and instrumentation effects can still occur in a within-subjects design, but proper counterbalancing and control measures can be used to minimize their impact.

Compared to a Between-Subjects Design, the Variance in a Within-Subjects