One difficulty for John Locke's memory theory of self-identity is that if Jones were to wake up with Smith's brain after a brain transplant, even though Jones would have Smith's memories, Jones probably wouldn't be able to say which self she is.

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According to Locke's memory theory, personal identity is based on a person's memories and experiences. However, in the case of a brain transplant, Jones would have the memories of Smith, but since her body would still be Jones's, she may not be able to determine which self she is. This poses a challenge for Locke's theory as personal identity cannot solely rely on memories.

One Difficulty for John Locke's Memory Theory of Self-Identity Is