A researcher found significant differences in the mean running speeds of sprinters wearing shoes made by Nike, Reebok, and Adidas using an analysis of variance. The η² calculated on the basis of group membership (based on which shoes were worn) equaled .16. The value of η² shows that A) the r value would be .4. B) 84% of the variability in running speed is attributed to shoe brand. C) 16% of the variability in running speed is attributed to shoe brand. D) most of the factors influencing running speed are contained in the brand of shoes worn by runners.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The value of η² is the proportion of total variance in the dependent variable (running speed) that is accounted for by the independent variable (shoe brand). Therefore, a value of .16 means that 16% of the variability in running speed is attributed to the brand of shoes worn by the sprinters.

A Researcher Found Significant Differences in the Mean Running Speeds