The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis suggests that speciation usually occurs in isolated populations at the edge of a species' geographical distribution.

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The punctuated equilibrium hypothesis, proposed by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge, suggests that species experience most evolutionary changes in relatively short, intense bursts of speciation, often occurring in isolated populations at the periphery (edges) of a species' geographical distribution, where environmental conditions can be different and lead to rapid evolutionary changes.

The Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis Suggests That Speciation Usually Occurs in Isolated