Much of our understanding of how large organisms respond to environmental variation is based on observations of model species.

Question

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Model species, such as the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), the mouse (Mus musculus), and the zebrafish (Danio rerio), are extensively studied in various scientific fields to understand biological processes. These organisms are often used as proxies to infer how larger or more complex organisms might respond to environmental changes, due to their genetic similarities, shorter life cycles, and the ease with which they can be maintained and manipulated in a laboratory setting.

Much of Our Understanding of How Large Organisms Respond to Environmental