Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a closed system?
A) centralized decision making
B) authority based on position and knowledge rather than rank
C) organizational members isolated from society
D) hierarchical structure of organization shaped like a pyramid

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Closed systems in organizational theory are characterized by centralized decision making, isolation from external environments (like being isolated from society), and a hierarchical structure. Authority based on position and knowledge rather than rank is more characteristic of open systems, which emphasize adaptability and interaction with the environment.

Which of the Following Is NOT a Characteristic of a Closed