Directionality is best addressed by:
A)Including a control group
B)Using a longitudinal design
C)Using a mixed design
D)Using a correlational design

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Directionality refers to the problem of not knowing whether A causes B or B causes A. A longitudinal design is the best choice to address directionality because it measures the same variables in the same participants over time, so changes in one variable can be observed before and after changes in the other variable, allowing for the inference of causality. The other options (including a control group, using a mixed design, and using a correlational design) may be helpful in addressing other types of research questions, but they do not directly address the directionality problem.

Directionality Is Best Addressed By