In a hypothetical environment, fishes called pike-cichlids locate their prey by sight and eat small, immature algae-eating fish. Thus, the population of algae-eaters experiences predatory pressure from pike-cichlids. Which of the following possible changes is LEAST likely to occur in the algae-eater population in future generations?
A) improved camouflage of the algae-eaters
B) decreased day-time activity by algae-eaters
C) increased size of female algae-eaters that then produce more and larger young
D) production of fewer offspring by algae-eaters

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Given that pike-cichlids locate their prey by sight and prey on small, immature algae-eating fish, natural selection would favor traits in the algae-eaters that reduce their visibility or vulnerability. Improved camouflage (A) and decreased daytime activity (B) would directly reduce the chances of being seen and eaten. Larger female algae-eaters producing more and larger young (C) could also be advantageous, as larger offspring might be less vulnerable to predation. However, producing fewer offspring (D) would not be beneficial in the context of high predation pressure, as it would reduce the population's ability to sustain itself despite losses to predators.

In a Hypothetical Environment, Fishes Called Pike-Cichlids Locate Their Prey