Match the predisposing factors causing pyelonephritis to the pathology mechanism.
-Chronic reflux of urine up the ureter and into the kidney during micturition,contributing to bacterial infection
A)Kidney stones
B)Vesicoureteral reflux
C)Pregnancy
D)Neurogenic bladder
E)Female sexual trauma

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Vesicoureteral reflux refers to the abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back up into the ureter and kidney which can contribute to bacterial infection in the kidney.

Answer: A 
 Kidney stones can obstruct the urinary tract and contribute to stasis of urine, allowing bacteria to grow and cause infection.

Answer: C 
 Pregnancy causes anatomical changes in the urinary tract that can lead to stasis of urine and increase susceptibility to bacterial infection.

Answer: D 
 Neurogenic bladder refers to a bladder that doesn't function properly due to nerve damage, leading to urine stasis and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection.

Answer: E 
 Female sexual trauma can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract and contribute to infection, but it is not a common predisposing factor for pyelonephritis.

Match the Predisposing Factors Causing Pyelonephritis to the Pathology Mechanism