While the vast majority of conveyances of real property are private grants through a deed, there are multiple ways in which voluntary conveyance can occur without a deed. Which of the following types of easements can occur if a landowner gives an adjacent landowner permission to depend on her land? (E.g. A landowner may give a neighbor permission to rely on sewer access or drainage across his or her land.)
A) Easement by prior use
B) Easement of necessity
C) Easement by estoppel
D) Dedication

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

An easement by estoppel can occur when a landowner gives permission to an adjacent landowner, and the adjacent landowner relies on that permission by making improvements or investments. The permission giver is then estopped from revoking the permission and the right to use the land becomes an easement.

While the Vast Majority of Conveyances of Real Property Are