Common causes of variation are the purely random, unidentifiable sources of variation that are unavoidable with the current process.

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Common causes of variation are also known as natural variation or random variation, and they are inherent to the process. They cannot be easily controlled or eliminated, and they have a relatively small impact on the overall process performance. Therefore, they are considered normal and expected sources of variation. Examples of common causes of variation include natural variability in raw materials, machine wear and tear, operator fatigue, and environmental conditions.

Common Causes of Variation Are the Purely Random, Unidentifiable Sources