Which of the following statements about human evolution is correct?
A) Modern humans are the only human species to have evolved on Earth.
B) Human ancestors were virtually identical to extant chimpanzees.
C) Human evolution has occurred within an unbranched lineage.
D) The upright posture and enlarged brain of humans evolved simultaneously.
E) Fossil evidence indicates that early anthropoids were arboreal and cat-sized.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Fossil evidence, including the discovery of the extinct Adapiforms, shows that early anthropoids were arboreal and cat-sized. Option A is incorrect because there were several other species of the genus Homo, including Homo neanderthalensis and Homo erectus, that coexisted with modern humans for a time. Option B is incorrect because while humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor, they are not virtually identical. Option C is incorrect because human evolution has occurred within a branched lineage, with many extinct human species branching off from the main lineage. Option D is incorrect because the evolution of an upright posture and an enlarged brain occurred separately and at different times in human evolution.

Which of the Following Statements About Human Evolution Is Correct