Researchers must be careful to include participants in their studies who represent the entire possible distribution of performance on both the test and the criterion to avoid ______.
A) practice effects
B) multicultural bias
C) restriction of range
D) criterion contamination

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Restriction of range occurs when participants in a study are only selected from a narrow range of scores on a test or criterion, which can lead to biased or inaccurate results. To avoid this, researchers should include participants who represent the entire possible distribution of performance on both the test and the criterion. Practice effects occur when participants improve on a test simply because they have taken it before, and can be minimized through counterbalancing or spaced testing. Multicultural bias occurs when a test is designed or administered in a way that unfairly disadvantages individuals from certain cultural backgrounds. Criterion contamination occurs when the criterion being used to measure performance is influenced by factors other than the construct of interest.

Researchers Must Be Careful to Include Participants in Their Studies