High EGR flow results in undercalculation of the fuel and a lean air-fuel mixture, and low EGR flow drives the mixture rich.

Question

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High EGR flow dilutes the intake charge with exhaust gases, reducing the amount of oxygen available for combustion, which can lead to a richer mixture if the fuel quantity isn't adjusted accordingly. Conversely, low EGR flow means more oxygen is available, potentially leading to a leaner mixture if the fuel quantity is overestimated.

High EGR Flow Results in Undercalculation of the Fuel and a Lean