According to expectancy theory, in order for employees to be highly motivated, ____ must be high.
A)competency
B)reinforcement usage
C)instrumentality
D)equity
E)referent power

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to expectancy theory, motivation is a function of three key elements - expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Instrumentality refers to the belief that performance will lead to certain outcomes, such as rewards or recognition. Therefore, if employees believe that their performance will lead to desired outcomes (instrumentality is high), they are likely to be highly motivated.

According to Expectancy Theory, in Order for Employees to Be