In the chi-square test of independence, the formula used is $\chi ^ { 2 } = \frac { \Sigma ( \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { E } ) ^ { 2 } } { \mathrm { E } }$. Discuss the meaning of $\mathrm { O }$ and $\mathrm { E }$ and explain the circumstances under which the $\chi ^ { 2 }$ values will be smaller or larger. What is the relationship between a significant $\chi ^ { 2 }$ value and the values of O and E?

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The Answer of In the chi-square test of independence, the formula used is $\chi ^ { 2 } = \frac { \Sigma ( \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { E } ) ^ { 2 } } { \mathrm { E } }$. Discuss the meaning of $\mathrm { O }$ and $\mathrm { E }$ and explain the circumstances under which the $\chi ^ { 2 }$ values will be smaller or larger. What is the relationship between a significant $\chi ^ { 2 }$ value and the values of O and E?

In the Chi-Square Test of Independence, the Formula Used Is χ2=Σ(O−E)2E\chi ^ { 2 } = \frac { \Sigma ( \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { E } ) ^ { 2 } } { \mathrm { E } }χ2=EΣ(O−E)2​

In the Chi-Square Test of Independence, the Formula Used Is $\chi ^ { 2 } = \frac { \Sigma ( \mathrm { O } - \mathrm { E } ) ^ { 2 } } { \mathrm { E } }$