-Suppose That One of the Losing Candidates Is to Be

$$\begin{array} { c | l } \text { Number of Voters } & { \text { Ranking } } \\\hline 15 & \mathrm {~b} > \mathrm { a } > \mathrm { c } > \mathrm { d } \\11 & \mathrm { c } > \mathrm { a } > \mathrm { d } > \mathrm { b } \\9 & \mathrm {~d} > \mathrm { c } > \mathrm { a } > \mathrm { b } \\5 & \mathrm { a } > \mathrm { d } > \mathrm { c } > \mathrm { b } \\1 & \mathrm { c } > \mathrm { d } > \mathrm { a } > \mathrm { b }\end{array}$$
-Suppose that one of the losing candidates is to be deleted from the given voter profile. Which choices would result in the plurality method violating the independence of irrelevant alternatives
Criterion in a second election? $\begin{array}{c|l}\text { Number of Voters } & \text { Ranking } \\\hline 15 & \mathrm{~b}>\mathrm{a}>\mathrm{c}>\mathrm{d} \\11 & \mathrm{c}>\mathrm{a}>\mathrm{d}>\mathrm{b} \\9 & \mathrm{~d}>\mathrm{c}>\mathrm{a}>\mathrm{b} \\5 & \mathrm{a}>\mathrm{d}>\mathrm{c}>\mathrm{b} \\1 & \mathrm{c}>\mathrm{d}>\mathrm{a}>\mathrm{b}\end{array}$

A) $c$ and $d$
B) $a$ and $d$
C) d only
D) a, $c$ , and d