In all cases when average-costing is used, the cost of goods sold would be the same whether a perpetual or periodic system is used.

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In a periodic system, the cost of goods sold is calculated at the end of the accounting period based on the physical count of inventory and purchases made during the period. This may result in different costs being assigned to the same units of inventory compared to a perpetual system which updates inventory and cost of goods sold in real-time. Therefore, the cost of goods sold may not necessarily be the same in both systems when average-costing is used.

In All Cases When Average-Costing Is Used, the Cost of Goods