Calculate the minimum pressure that must be applied to achieve reverse osmosis of 0.504 M NaCl at 22 $\circ$ C.
A)0.906 atm
B)92.2 atm
C)0.909 atm
D)12.2 atm
E)24.4 atm

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

To calculate the minimum pressure for reverse osmosis, we use the formula π = iMRT, where i is the van't Hoff factor (2 for NaCl), M is molarity (0.504 M), R is the ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K), and T is temperature in Kelvin (295.15 K for 22°C). Calculating gives π ≈ 24.4 atm.

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