A Procedure Known as Median Sternotomy Is Used to Cut

Beth was born with cleft palate in which her hard palate was not completely fused. She was born with an opening in her palate where the bones failed to join together. Determine the affected bones and predict the impact on the oral and nasal cavities.

Charlie is 55 years old and is 45 pounds overweight. Like most men of his age, he carries the weight in his abdomen and jokes about his "beer gut." Due to the extra weight, his spine is developing an abnormal curvature. Explain why the curvature of his spine is changing and name this condition.