A significant difference between neurons and neuroglia is that mature neuroglia can divide whereas mature neurons generally cannot divide.

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Neuroglia, also known as glial cells, have the ability to undergo mitosis and thus can divide throughout an individual's life. In contrast, most neurons lose their ability to divide once they have matured, making neuron regeneration limited in the adult nervous system.

A Significant Difference Between Neurons and Neuroglia Is That Mature