A strategy that identifies the causal effects of a policy or factor by looking at two samples that lie on either side of a threshold or cutoff is called intention to treat.

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The strategy described is known as a regression discontinuity design. Intention to treat refers to an analysis strategy in randomized control trials where participants are analyzed in the groups to which they were originally assigned, regardless of whether they completed the intervention as planned.

A Strategy That Identifies the Causal Effects of a Policy