When the research hypothesis is true, the means of the samples are spread out for what reason(s)?
A)Because of variation within each of the populations (due to unknown chance factors)
B)Because of variation among the means of the population (a treatment effect)
C)Because of variation in the level of significance set by the experimenter
D)Both A and B

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When the research hypothesis is true, the means of the samples are spread out due to both variation within each of the populations (due to unknown chance factors) and variation among the means of the population (a treatment effect). Hence, option D is the correct answer. The variation within each population is known as sampling error, and the variation among the means of the population is the treatment effect. Therefore, both factors contribute to the spread of the means of the samples. The level of significance set by the experimenter (option C) does not affect the spread of the means of the samples.

When the Research Hypothesis Is True, the Means of the Samples