Read the Following Scenario and Answer the Question Below

Read the following scenario and answer the question below.
Human activities, including fossil fuel combustion, farming, and deforestation, are known to increase the levels of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxides in our atmosphere. Measurable warming of Earth due to these greenhouse gases can alter ecosystem dynamics. In addition to the direct climatic effects on organisms within biomes, warming can lower levels of sea ice and increase precipitation in arctic areas. Global warming also can increases sea surface temperatures, which can subsequently melt permafrost in the tundra and increase the intensity of hurricanes in vulnerable areas. Within communities, climatic change can shift interdependent species ʺout-of-sync,ʺ potentially causing indirect loss of species.
-The relationship between flowering plants and caterpillars is best described as ______________.

A) interspecific competition
B) intraspecific competition
C) mutualism
D) herbivory
E) parasitism