Where the Parties to a Contract Agree in Advance on an Amount

Where the parties to a contract agree in advance on an amount of damages to be paid in the event of a breach,in order for the damages to be effective

A) they can be any amount agreed on by the parties,who are presumed to know what they have contracted for.
B) they must be reasonable in the context of the contract.
C) they must be meant to penalize the party committing the breach.
D) they must relate solely to the breach,without regard to penalty or reasonableness.
E) none of the above