The vertical osmotic gradient in the kidney
A) is established and maintained by the countercurrent system
B) makes it possible to put out urine of variable concentration depending on the needs of the body by varying the degree of water permeability of the distal portions of the nephron
C) is found in the renal cortex
D) is established and maintained by the countercurrent system, and makes it possible to put out urine of variable concentration depending on the needs of the body by varying the degree of water permeability of the distal portions of the nephron
E) is established and maintained by the countercurrent system and is found in the renal cortex

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The vertical osmotic gradient in the kidney is established and maintained by the countercurrent system, and makes it possible to put out urine of variable concentration depending on the needs of the body by varying the degree of water permeability of the distal portions of the nephron. This gradient is essential for proper kidney function and is created by the countercurrent system, which involves the close interaction and flow of filtrate between the loops of Henle and the collecting ducts. The gradient is found in both the renal medulla and cortex.

The Vertical Osmotic Gradient in the Kidney