A surrogate key can increase the file size and require more joins.

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Surrogate keys are artificially created keys that are used as the primary key in a database table. They are often implemented using an auto-incrementing integer, which can increase the file size and require additional joins when compared to a natural key. This is because the surrogate key must be stored in the table and indexed, whereas a natural key may be smaller and able to serve as its own index. Additionally, using a surrogate key may require more joins to retrieve related data across tables.

A Surrogate Key Can Increase the File Size and Require