Causation cannot be inferred from correlational studies? Why is this so?
A) because correlational studies suffer from a lack of construct validity
B) because correlational studies do not involve the manipulation of variables
C) because one can only infer causation from studies conducted in the lab
D) because researchers have too much control over the variables in correlational research

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Correlational studies do not involve experimental manipulation of variables, meaning that researchers cannot control the variables in order to establish causation. While correlational studies can suggest relationships between variables, they cannot prove causation.

Causation Cannot Be Inferred from Correlational Studies? Why Is This