Recall that Berkowitz and his colleagues asked pairs of men to work on a series of problems.The men were instructed to deliver shocks to their partners when their performance needed improvement.Some participants were induced to experience anger during the task, whereas others were not.In addition, some participants could see no objects next to the shocking machine, some participants saw neutral objects next to the machine, and some participants saw a gun next to the machine.Consistent with the neo-associationistic perspective, results showed that
A) both angry and nonangry participants enjoyed the shocking procedure to a greater degree in the gun condition than in the no-object or neutral-object conditions.
B) angry participants in the gun condition enjoyed the shocking procedure to a greater degree than nonangry participants in the gun condition.
C) both angry and nonangry participants were more aggressive in the gun condition than the no-object and neutral-object conditions.
D) only angry participants were more aggressive in the gun condition than in the no-object and neutral-object conditions.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The results showed that only angry participants were more aggressive in the gun condition than in the no-object and neutral-object conditions. This supports the idea of the neo-associationistic perspective, in which an external cue (in this case, the presence of a gun) can elicit aggressive behavior in already activated emotions (in this case, anger). Nonangry participants did not show an increase in aggression in the gun condition, suggesting that the presence of the gun was not enough to elicit aggression on its own.

Recall That Berkowitz and His Colleagues Asked Pairs of Men