A Nurse Is Interested in Learning How Reminiscence Therapy Can

A nurse is interested in learning how reminiscence therapy can improve memory in cognitively intact persons over the age of 65 years. Findings from three groups are compared. Group 1 receives music therapy, Group 2 receives life review therapy, and Group 3 does not receive therapy, but data are collected from all three groups and compared. Group 3 is known as the:

A) pilot study.
B) survey.
C) needs assessment.
D) control group.