Which of the Following Refers to Action Research

Which of the following refers to action research?

A) The research that is conducted for the purpose of creating some form of social change
B) The research conducted for the purpose of guiding businesses and other organizations about how best to sell,improve,or promote a product or service
C) The research conducted to understand whether the applied interventions have had their intended consequences
D) The research conducted on how people construct and sustain their realities through conversation and gestures
E) The research conducted on the study of talk,including how talk progresses,how it is facilitated,and how it may be impeded