Question 1

The eight planets of the solar system, in order of their distance from the sun, are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. (Pluto has recently been demoted to the status of dwarf planet.) Develop two different mnemonics for remembering this list, one using each of these two techniques:
a. The pegword method
b. A superimposed meaningful structure

Accepted Answer

The answer of The eight planets of the solar system,...

Question 2

Intentional learning, as described in the textbook, would be most important for which one of the following learning tasks?
A) Revising previously inaccurate understandings of scientific phenomena
B) Learning how to spell words that violate common English letter-sound relationships (e.g., the term hors d'oeuvre)
C) Learning that performance on classroom tests is usually better if one studies a little bit every night rather than cramming at the last minute
D) Learning how to ask grammatically correct questions in the English language

Accepted Answer

Intentional learning involves actively seeking out new information and being motivated to learn it, which would be most important in revising previously inaccurate understandings of scientific phenomena. B, C, and D may require intentional learning as well, but A is the most directly applicable.

Question 3

John is a high school sophomore who has just taken a course in effective study strategies. Yet John continues to use rote memorization (e.g., rehearsal) as the primary way that he studies class material. Drawing from the textbook's discussion of metacognition and study strategies, describe at least four reasons why John isn't using his newly learned strategies, even those these strategies should ultimately help him learn more effectively over the long run.

Accepted Answer

The answer of John is a high school sophomore who...

Question 4

Researchers and theorists have offered numerous suggestions regarding how teachers might help students develop more effective learning and study strategies. Which one of the following is not consistent with their suggestions?
A) Show students in a concrete fashion (perhaps by giving them a short quiz) just how ineffective their current strategies are.
B) Teach students some techniques for evaluating their own performance on a regular basis.
C) Help students acquire epistemic beliefs that are implicit rather than explicit, so that students apply them unconsciously and automatically.
D) Have students work together in pairs or small groups on challenging learning tasks.

Accepted Answer

This suggestion is not consistent with the others because it suggests that teachers should help students develop implicit beliefs, rather than teaching them explicit strategies and techniques for learning and studying. The other options all emphasize the importance of teaching students specific skills and techniques for improving their learning and studying habits.

Question 5

The German word for "rabbit" is Kaninchen. Develop two different mnemonics for remembering this vocabulary word, one using each of these two techniques:
a. Verbal mediation
b. The keyword method

Accepted Answer

The answer of The German word for "rabbit" is Kaninchen....

Question 6

The textbook identifies several elements of self-regulated learning. Describe at least five characteristics that self-regulated learners are likely to have.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The textbook identifies several elements of self-regulated...

Question 7

You are hired to teach a struggling student more effective study skills. Drawing from research findings regarding effective study strategies, identify five strategies that you think would be beneficial for the student to develop. Then, in five short paragraphs, describe the approaches that you might use to help the student acquire each of the strategies you've identified.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are hired to teach a struggling...

Question 8

Explain how learners' epistemic beliefs may vary in terms of each of the following:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how learners' epistemic beliefs may vary...

Question 9

Can study skills be improved through instruction? Research indicates that:
A) It is primarily high-ability students who benefit from study skills training.
B) Effective study skills do not emerge before formal operations, regardless of instruction.
C) Study skills training programs are effective even with students in the elementary grades.
D) Only college students truly benefit from study skills training.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that study skills training programs are effective even with students in the elementary grades.

Question 10

Linda approaches you before class and expresses her frustration about having done so poorly on yesterday's exam. "I studied for hours and hours," she tells you. "I guess I'm just not a very good test-taker." You know that your test was a good measure of what you taught your students. You also know that students seldom do poorly on your tests simply because they are poor test takers. Considering the textbook's discussion of study strategies, what other possible explanation might you give Linda as to why she thought she knew the material well yet earned a low test score. And with your explanation in mind, describe two strategies you might teach Linda to help her improve her performance next time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Linda approaches you before class and expresses...

Question 11

Some students learn a great deal from the things they read; others seem to learn very little. Describe at least five strategies good readers use when they read-strategies that poor readers tend not to use. Using concepts and principles from cognitive psychology, explain why each strategy promotes learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some students learn a great deal from...

Question 12

Three of the following are possible reasons that many students don't use effective learning and study strategies. Which one is not a reason that theorists have offered?
A) Some learning tasks (e.g., those that involve learning isolated facts) do not lend themselves easily to such effective strategies as meaningful learning or elaboration.
B) When students believe that knowledge is an uncertain rather than fixed and certain entity, they become easily discouraged about their ability to learn successfully.
C) Some students are more interested in completing classroom tasks as quickly as possible than they are interested in mastering the subject matter.
D) Students have beliefs about the nature of knowledge and/or learning that lead them to misunderstand what they need to do in order to learn successfully.

Accepted Answer

The belief that knowledge is uncertain can actually encourage students to engage in deeper learning strategies, as they may feel the need to explore and understand concepts more thoroughly.

Question 13

Three of the following are possible reasons that many students don't use effective learning and study strategies. Which one is not a reason that theorists have offered?
A) Students believe they won't learn no matter what they do.
B) Students think strategies involve too much time and trouble.
C) Students have insufficient knowledge about a topic to use such strategies effectively.
D) For some students, things learned at a rote level stay with them longer than things learned meaningfully.

Accepted Answer

This is not a reason that theorists have offered. In fact, theorists generally emphasize the importance of meaningful learning over rote memorization. A, B, and C are all reasons that have been suggested by theorists for why students may not use effective learning and study strategies.

Question 14

Imagine that you are a school district superintendent who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate. With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?
A) Purchase textbooks that are about two years below students' present reading level.
B) Have teachers incorporate study skills training into the specific academic courses they teach.
C) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in middle school or junior high.
D) Have a one-semester study skills course that all students take in their first or second year of high school.

Accepted Answer

Incorporating study skills training into specific academic courses allows students to directly apply these skills in a relevant context, enhancing their learning and retention of both the content and the study strategies. This approach is more integrated and continuous compared to isolated courses, making it more effective in helping students develop and refine their study skills over time.

Question 15

Research indicates that study skills training is most likely to be effective when:
A) Students focus on learning one specific study strategy.
B) Students focus on learning facts rather than on developing higher-level thinking skills.
C) Students have little or no background in the topic they are studying.
D) Students are given reasons why certain study techniques are helpful.

Accepted Answer

When students understand why certain study techniques are helpful, they are more likely to be motivated to use them consistently. This can lead to better retention and application of the material being studied. Focusing on one specific study strategy may not work for all students and may not address their individual learning needs. Learning higher-level thinking skills is important, but it should not be the only focus of study skills training. Background knowledge can be helpful, but it is not the most important factor in determining the effectiveness of study skills training.

Question 16

Which one of the following best illustrates the concept of epistemic doubt?
A) After reading two competing explanations of color vision, Stuart is beginning to wonder if science is as cut-and-dried as he has previously thought.
B) Mary's teacher says that the earth revolves around the sun. Mary thinks, "How can that be? I see the sun go across the sky each day. Obviously, the sun goes around the earth, not vice versa."
C) After listening to other students in her study group debate possible interpretations of a dialogue in Hamlet, Isilene wonders which of them is right.
D) Randall doesn't think he has the ability to understand nuclear physics.

Accepted Answer

Epistemic doubt refers to a state in which an individual questions their own knowledge, the accuracy of their beliefs, or the reliability of sources of knowledge. Choice A illustrates this concept because Stuart is questioning the accuracy of scientific explanations that he had previously accepted as being true.

Quiz 14: Metacognition, Self-Regulated Learning, and Study Strategies

Intentional learning, as described in the textbook, would be most important for which one of the following learning tasks?

Researchers and theorists have offered numerous suggestions regarding how teachers might help students develop more effective learning and study strategies. Which one of the following is not consistent with their suggestions?

The German word for "rabbit" is Kaninchen. Develop two different mnemonics for remembering this vocabulary word, one using each of these two techniques: a. Verbal mediation b. The keyword method

The textbook identifies several elements of self-regulated learning. Describe at least five characteristics that self-regulated learners are likely to have.

Explain how learners' epistemic beliefs may vary in terms of each of the following:

Can study skills be improved through instruction? Research indicates that:

Three of the following are possible reasons that many students don't use effective learning and study strategies. Which one is not a reason that theorists have offered?

Three of the following are possible reasons that many students don't use effective learning and study strategies. Which one is not a reason that theorists have offered?

Imagine that you are a school district superintendent who wants students to develop effective study strategies before they graduate. With research about effective study skills programs in mind, which one of the following approaches would be the best one to take?

Research indicates that study skills training is most likely to be effective when:

Which one of the following best illustrates the concept of epistemic doubt?