Question 1

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: This compound serves as an acyl carrier in metabolism. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

Coenzyme A is involved in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle, serving as an acyl carrier.

Question 2

ATP is considered an "energy rich" compound because it contains two ______________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

phosphoanhydride

Question 3

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ pathways can be either anabolic or catabolic, depending on the energy conditions of the cell. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

Amphibolic pathways are those that can function both anabolically and catabolically, adapting to the cell's current energy needs.

Question 4

In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a reservoir of high-potential phosphoryl groups that can be readily transferred to ADP to regenerate ATP.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a...

Question 5

FAD is an electron carrier that is derived from the vitamin _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of FAD is an electron carrier that is...

Question 6

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are organisms that obtain chemical energy from the oxidation of foodstuffs. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

Chemotrophs are organisms that obtain chemical energy from the oxidation of foodstuffs, distinguishing them from phototrophs, which utilize light as their primary energy source.

Question 7

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are organisms that use energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

Phototrophs are organisms that capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. This is a fundamental characteristic of plants, algae, and some bacteria.

Question 8

ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a _________________ energy charge.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a...

Question 9

_________________ is the type of metabolism where useful energy is harvested.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ is the type of metabolism where...

Question 10

In the cell, the hydrolysis of an ATP molecule in a coupled reaction changes the equilibrium ratio of products to reactants by a factor of _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the cell, the hydrolysis of an...

Question 11

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is ____________. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

NADPH is the primary electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses, providing the necessary reducing power for anabolic reactions.

Question 12

_________________ is the process of building larger molecules from smaller ones.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ is the process of building larger...

Question 13

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -In aerobic metabolism, the product of oxidation of carbon containing fuels is/are ____________. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

In aerobic metabolism, carbon-containing fuels are oxidized to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a byproduct.

Question 14

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The electron carrier, NADH, is derived from the ____________ vitamin. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

NADH is derived from niacin, which is a vitamin. Niacin is also known as vitamin B3, and it is essential for the conversion of food into energy.

Question 15

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The ____________ is the "chemical currency" of metabolism. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is widely recognized as the primary energy carrier in cells, often referred to as the "chemical currency" of metabolism because it stores and transports chemical energy within cells.

Question 16

The acetyl group is attached to coenzyme A by a(n) _________________ bond.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The acetyl group is attached to coenzyme...

Question 17

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The small organic compounds, ____________, are required in the diet of higher organisms and are components of coenzymes. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

Vitamins are small organic compounds required in the diet of higher organisms and are components of coenzymes.

Question 18

One way that metabolism is regulated is through control of the accessibility of _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way that metabolism is regulated is...

Question 19

A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven by a thermodynamically favorable reaction to which it is _________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven...

Question 20

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -In aerobic organisms, the ultimate acceptor of electrons is/are ____________. A)O₂ B)niacin C)phototrophs D)ATP E)CO₂ F)coenzyme A G)vitamins H)amphibolic I)ADP J)NADPH K)chemotrophs L)FAD

Accepted Answer

The ultimate acceptor of electrons in aerobic organisms is oxygen (O2).

Quiz 15: Metabolism: Basic Concepts and Design

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: This compound serves as an acyl carrier in metabolism.

ATP is considered an "energy rich" compound because it contains two ______________ bonds.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ pathways can be either anabolic or catabolic, depending on the energy conditions of the cell.

In vertebrate muscle, _________________ serves as a reservoir of high-potential phosphoryl groups that can be readily transferred to ADP to regenerate ATP.

FAD is an electron carrier that is derived from the vitamin _________________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are organisms that obtain chemical energy from the oxidation of foodstuffs.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are organisms that use energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy.

ATP-generating (catabolic) pathways are inhibited by a _________________ energy charge.

_________________ is the type of metabolism where useful energy is harvested.

In the cell, the hydrolysis of an ATP molecule in a coupled reaction changes the equilibrium ratio of products to reactants by a factor of _________________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The electron donor in most reductive biosyntheses is ____________.

_________________ is the process of building larger molecules from smaller ones.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -In aerobic metabolism, the product of oxidation of carbon containing fuels is/are ____________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The electron carrier, NADH, is derived from the ____________ vitamin.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The ____________ is the "chemical currency" of metabolism.

The acetyl group is attached to coenzyme A by a(n) _________________ bond.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The small organic compounds, ____________, are required in the diet of higher organisms and are components of coenzymes.

One way that metabolism is regulated is through control of the accessibility of _________________.

A thermodynamically unfavorable reaction can be driven by a thermodynamically favorable reaction to which it is _________________.

Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -In aerobic organisms, the ultimate acceptor of electrons is/are ____________.