Question 1

The most common carbohydrate fuel is _______________.

Accepted Answer

glucose

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Adenine (A) and Thymine (T) form two hydrogen bonds between them in DNA.

Question 3

A group of enzymes called _______________ catalyze replication.

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Class of biological macromolecules with many functions such as forming barriers between cell organelles, serving as a metabolic fuel, and cell-to-cell signaling.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Lipids are a class of biological macromolecules with many functions such as forming barriers between cell organelles, serving as a metabolic fuel, and cell-to-cell signaling.

Answer: E
 Carbohydrates are a class of biological macromolecules with many functions such as serving as a metabolic fuel and forming barriers between cell organelles.

Answer: C
 Proteins are a class of biological macromolecules with many functions such as serving as enzymes, structural components of cells, and cell-to-cell signaling molecules.

Answer: I
 Glycogen is a type of carbohydrate that serves as a metabolic fuel in animals.

Answer: M
 The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle involved in protein and lipid synthesis and modification.

Answer: Q
 Lysosomes are organelles involved in breaking down and recycling cellular components.

Question 5

Large particles of extracellular material are taken into the cell via:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large particles of extracellular material are taken...

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Responsible for protein processing and xenobiotic metabolism.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein processing and xenobiotic metabolism.

Question 7

After hydrogen and oxygen, the next most common element in living systems is _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After hydrogen and oxygen, the next most...

Question 8

Organisms are known to be highly uniform at the _______________ level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organisms are known to be highly uniform...

Question 9

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and ____________.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Thymine is one of the four building blocks that make up DNA, along with adenine, guanine, and cytosine.

Question 10

Although all cells in an organism have the same DNA, tissues differ due to selective _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although all cells in an organism have...

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________ are cells which are composed of multiple specialized compartments.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes are cells which are composed of multiple specialized compartments, including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, are cells which lack these specialized compartments.

Question 12

Heritable information is packaged into discrete units called _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Heritable information is packaged into discrete units...

Question 13

The basic unit of life is considered the _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basic unit of life is considered...

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-The transfer of information from DNA to RNA is called ____________.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

The transfer of information from DNA to RNA is called transcription.

Answer: N
 The process of translating the RNA code into a specific sequence of amino acids to make a protein is called translation.

Answer: O and P
 Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are two types of cells. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes are multi-cellular organisms that have a nucleus and organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and lysosomes.

Answer: M
 The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle in eukaryotic cells that is involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids.

Answer: D
 Thymine is one of the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA (the others are adenine, guanine, and cytosine).

Answer: F
 Sugar-phosphate units are the backbone of the DNA double helix, linking the nucleotide bases together.

Answer: G
 The cell wall is a rigid layer surrounding the cell membrane of prokaryotic cells, plant cells, and some fungal and protist cells.

Answer: A and I
 Uridine is a nitrogenous base found in RNA, and glycogen is a complex carbohydrate that serves as a stored form of glucose in animal cells.

Answer: J and Q
 Lipids are a broad class of biomolecules that includes fats, oils, waxes, and steroids, while lysosomes are organelles in animal cells that break down cellular waste and debris.

Question 15

A nucleotide consists of one or more _______________ groups, a 5-carbon ribose sugar, and a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nucleotide consists of one or more...

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: The number of hydrogen bonds formed between G and C.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Guanine (G) and Cytosine (C) form three hydrogen bonds between them in DNA.

Question 17

A chemical that can dissolve in water is said to be _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A chemical that can dissolve in water...

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

The only option that fits the description of being filled with digestive enzymes is lysozome.

Question 19

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Unbranched polymer that, when folded into its three-dimensional shape, performs much of the work of the cell.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

The definition describes a protein, which is a polymer made up of amino acid units that fold into their three-dimensional shape and perform many functions within a cell.

Answer: I
 The definition could also describe glycogen, which is a polymer made up of glucose units that can be folded into a compact, branched shape and serves as a storage form of glucose within cells.

Answer: L
 The definition does not specify the number of units that make up the polymer, only that it is unbranched and folds into a three-dimensional shape.

Answer: P, O
 The definition is not specific to either prokaryotes or eukaryotes, as both have proteins and can perform work within the cell.

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions 1-10:
Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used.
-____________: Highly organized region of the cell where glycolytic metabolism occurs.
A)uridine
B)cytoplasm
C)protein
D)thymine
E)carbohydrate
F)sugar-phosphate units
G)cell wall
H)transcription
I)glycogen
J)lipid
K)three
L)two
M)endoplasmic reticulum
N)translation
O)prokaryotes
P)eukaryotes
Q)lysozome

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis, the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, making it the highly organized region where this process takes place.

Quiz 1: Biochemistry and the Unity of Life

The most common carbohydrate fuel is _______________.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: The number of hydrogen bonds formed between A and T.

A group of enzymes called _______________ catalyze replication.

Large particles of extracellular material are taken into the cell via:

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: Responsible for protein processing and xenobiotic metabolism.

After hydrogen and oxygen, the next most common element in living systems is _______________.

Organisms are known to be highly uniform at the _______________ level.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -DNA is made from the building blocks adenine, guanine, cytosine, and ____________.

Although all cells in an organism have the same DNA, tissues differ due to selective _______________.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________ are cells which are composed of multiple specialized compartments.

Heritable information is packaged into discrete units called _______________.

The basic unit of life is considered the _______________.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -The transfer of information from DNA to RNA is called ____________.

A nucleotide consists of one or more _______________ groups, a 5-carbon ribose sugar, and a nitrogen-containing aromatic ring group.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: The number of hydrogen bonds formed between G and C.

A chemical that can dissolve in water is said to be _______________.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: Filled with proteases and other digestive enzymes.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: Unbranched polymer that, when folded into its three-dimensional shape, performs much of the work of the cell.

Use the following to answer questions 1-10: Choose the correct answer from the list below. Not all of the answers will be used. -____________: Highly organized region of the cell where glycolytic metabolism occurs.