Question 1

Which one of the following is associated with identity?
A)career and work path
B)conservative, liberal, or middle-of-the-road stance
C)spiritual beliefs
D)All of these.

Accepted Answer

All of these (career and work path, political stance, spiritual beliefs) can be associated with a person's identity.

Question 2

Marcia's identity statuses are based on
A)Tajfel's social identity theory.
B)Selman's theory of perspective taking.
C)Erikson's theory of identity development.
D)Harter's Self-Perception Profile for Children.

Accepted Answer

Marcia's identity statuses are based on Erikson's theory of identity development. Marcia expanded on Erikson's theory and proposed four identity statuses: diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achievement.

Question 3

According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as a period of identity development during which the adolescent is exploring meaningful alternatives.
A)moratorium
B)self-perception
C)crisis
D)exploration

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as...

Question 4

Vicki is a senior who has been drifting through high school.Her grades are mediocre and she has no plans for after graduation.In addition,she has no interest in world events or political issues.James Marcia would describe Vicki as being in identity
A)foreclosure.
B)diffusion.
C)moratorium.
D)achievement.

Accepted Answer

James Marcia's identity statuses include four stages: foreclosure, diffusion, moratorium, and achievement. Vicki's lack of direction or interest in future plans or current events indicates a diffusion identity status, where an individual has not explored their identity and has not committed to a particular identity.

Question 5

Who proposed four statuses of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis?
A)Susan Harter
B)James Marcia
C)Henry Tajfel
D)Carl Rogers

Accepted Answer

James Marcia proposed the four statuses of identity, which are identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, identity moratorium, and identity achievement.

Question 6

Erik Erikson argued that the central issue in adolescence is
A)competence.
B)identity.
C)gender-role development.
D)self-efficacy.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson believed that the primary issue in adolescence is identity formation. This involves adolescents exploring and establishing a sense of their own identity, including their values, beliefs, and self-concept. This process is critical in shaping their future relationships and life goals. While competence, gender-role development, and self-efficacy are also important factors in adolescence, they are considered secondary to the overarching task of identity formation.

Question 7

At bare minimum,__________________ involves commitment to a vocational direction,an ideological stance,and a sexual orientation.
A)networking
B)identity
C)self-understanding
D)attachment

Accepted Answer

The statement is referring to a sense of personal identity, which includes a commitment to one's vocation, ideology, and sexual orientation. Choices A, C, and D do not encompass all three of these aspects.

Question 8

Even though David has had an achieved identity for some time now,he reflects that throughout his life he has fluctuated between identity achievement and another identity status.What is this other status likely to be?
A)diffusion
B)moratorium
C)foreclosure
D)confusion

Accepted Answer

The other identity status that David is likely to have fluctuated between is moratorium. Moratorium is a period of identity exploration during which an individual does not have a clear sense of identity, but is actively exploring and trying out different roles and beliefs. This is in contrast to identity achievement, which is characterized by a clear sense of identity that has been achieved through exploration and commitment to a particular set of roles and beliefs.

Question 9

In Erikson's theory,the gap between the secure roles of childhood and the full independence of adulthood is known as
A)self-efficacy.
B)psychosocial moratorium.
C)the barometric self.
D)ethnocentrism.

Accepted Answer

The psychosocial moratorium is the period of time in which individuals are allowed to explore different paths and identities before committing to a specific role. This is the gap between childhood and adulthood that Erikson identified in his theory. Self-efficacy, the barometric self, and ethnocentrism are all different concepts that are not directly related to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

Question 10

When 17-year-old Joey is asked what he wants to do after graduating from high school,what reply would indicate that he has adopted identity diffusion?
A)"I haven't really thought about a career that much."
B)"An engineer, since I'm good at math."
C)"A doctor, just like my mother."
D)"I have several options that I am currently exploring."

Accepted Answer

Identity diffusion is characterized by a lack of commitment to any particular role or direction in life. Joey's response of not really having thought about a career indicates a lack of direction or commitment to a particular path. The other options, although not necessarily reflective of a strong sense of identity, demonstrate some level of commitment or exploration towards a specific path.

Question 11

Frances told her parents that she was going to take time off from college and take some time to find herself.What identity status is she in?
A)foreclosure
B)diffusion
C)moratorium
D)achievement

Accepted Answer

Frances is in the moratorium identity status, which is characterized by active exploration of different identities without making a commitment. This is consistent with her statement that she wants to take time off from college to "find herself."

Question 12

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer what Erikson calls
A)identity confusion
B)identity crisis
C)identity confirmation
D)identity continuation

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis experience identity confusion. This can lead to difficulties in establishing their sense of self and can ultimately impact their overall well-being and success in adulthood.

Question 13

College sophomore Brandi has made several appointments with her advisor to discuss whether she should continue to major in psychology or switch to art.When talking with her advisor she says,"I like the interpersonal aspect of psychology,but I also enjoy the creativity of art." According to James Marcia,Brandi is best thought of as
A)being in a crisis.
B)demonstrating connectedness.
C)exhibiting trust versus mistrust.
D)being psychologically abstract.

Accepted Answer

Brandi is experiencing an identity crisis according to James Marcia's theory of identity development. This is characterized by a period of exploration and decision-making about one's values, interests, and goals. Brandi is trying to determine whether to continue with her current major or switch to another based on her interests and values.

Question 14

Adolescents who are highly committed in their identity development are characterized by higher levels of
A)conscientiousness.
B)emotional stability.
C)Both of these.
D)Neither of these.

Accepted Answer

Adolescents who are highly committed in their identity development are likely to exhibit higher levels of both conscientiousness and emotional stability. This is because those individuals who achieve a clear sense of who they are and what they want to accomplish in their lives are likely to feel more in control of their lives, and have greater self-esteem and emotional stability that translates into a greater ability to stay on task and exhibit conscientiousness in their pursuits.

Question 15

Lena's father tells her,"Your grandmother was a minister,your mother was a minister,and you should be a minister." Without giving thought to her options,Lena agrees to be a minister.Concerning her career,Lena is in identity
A)diffusion.
B)foreclosure.
C)achievement.
D)moratorium.

Accepted Answer

Foreclosure occurs when an individual adopts a particular identity without exploring other options. In this case, Lena agrees to become a minister based on the expectations and pressure from her family without considering her own interests or alternatives.

Question 16

Identity moratorium is characterized by a(n)of crisis and a(n)of commitment.
A)presence; presence
B)presence; absence
C)absence; presence
D)absence; absence

Accepted Answer

Identity moratorium is characterized by a presence of crisis and an absence of commitment, as individuals are actively exploring options but have not yet made a decision.

Question 17

In which of Marcia's identity statuses has a commitment been made?
A)foreclosure and diffusion
B)foreclosure and achievement
C)moratorium and diffusion
D)moratorium and achievement

Accepted Answer

Foreclosure and achievement are the two statuses where a commitment has been made. In foreclosure, the commitment is made without exploring alternatives, often based on others' choices. In achievement, the commitment follows a period of exploration.

Question 18

What is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?
A)trust versus mistrust
B)industry versus inferiority
C)autonomy versus shame and doubt
D)identity versus identity confusion

Accepted Answer

Erikson's fifth developmental stage is identity versus identity confusion, which typically occurs during adolescence when individuals are exploring and developing their sense of self and their role in society.

Question 19

Of the following,who is most likely to be identity achieved?
A)a high-school freshman
B)a high-school senior
C)a freshman in college
D)a senior in college

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of identity development, identity achievement is the final stage in which an individual has explored different options and has made commitments to a certain identity. Therefore, a senior in college is most likely to be identity achieved as they have had more time and opportunity to explore and make commitments to their identity.

Question 20

The adolescent search for identity is important due to
A)their huge number of choices.
B)an increased sense of responsibility.
C)the search for what they will do.
D)All of these

Accepted Answer

The adolescent search for identity encompasses a range of factors including their choices, increased sense of responsibility, and the search for what they will do in the future. All of these factors contribute to the importance of the search for identity during adolescence.

Quiz 11: The Self and Identity

Which one of the following is associated with identity?

Marcia's identity statuses are based on

According to James Marcia,__________________ is defined as a period of identity development during which the adolescent is exploring meaningful alternatives.

Vicki is a senior who has been drifting through high school.Her grades are mediocre and she has no plans for after graduation.In addition,she has no interest in world events or political issues.James Marcia would describe Vicki as being in identity

Who proposed four statuses of identity,or ways of resolving the identity crisis?

Erik Erikson argued that the central issue in adolescence is

At bare minimum,__________________ involves commitment to a vocational direction,an ideological stance,and a sexual orientation.

Even though David has had an achieved identity for some time now,he reflects that throughout his life he has fluctuated between identity achievement and another identity status.What is this other status likely to be?

In Erikson's theory,the gap between the secure roles of childhood and the full independence of adulthood is known as

When 17-year-old Joey is asked what he wants to do after graduating from high school,what reply would indicate that he has adopted identity diffusion?

Frances told her parents that she was going to take time off from college and take some time to find herself.What identity status is she in?

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer what Erikson calls

Adolescents who are highly committed in their identity development are characterized by higher levels of

Lena's father tells her,"Your grandmother was a minister,your mother was a minister,and you should be a minister." Without giving thought to her options,Lena agrees to be a minister.Concerning her career,Lena is in identity

Identity moratorium is characterized by a(n) of crisis and a(n) of commitment.

In which of Marcia's identity statuses has a commitment been made?

What is Erikson's fifth developmental stage?

Of the following,who is most likely to be identity achieved?

The adolescent search for identity is important due to