Which of the Following Sociological Theories of Deviance-And Hence,illicit Drug

Which of the following sociological theories of deviance-and hence,illicit drug use,abuse-has been disconfirmed,that is,evidence has demonstrated more or less conclusively and definitively that it is false?

A) social learning and subculture theory
B) social disorganization theory
C) social control and self-control theories
D) selective interaction/socialization theory
E) none of the above; all explain at least some part of the drug use/abuse picture