Question 1

If Erica uses elaborative processing to study the concept of reinforcement,
A) she will be less likely to understand this concept thoroughly.
B) her memory network for this concept will be sparse and weak.
C) her memory network for this concept will be complex and detailed.
D) she will be less likely to retrieve the definition of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Elaborative processing involves making connections between new information and existing knowledge, resulting in a more complex and detailed memory network. Therefore, if Erica uses elaborative processing to study the concept of reinforcement, her memory network for this concept will also be complex and detailed.

Question 2

The process by which memories are reconstructed or expanded by starting with one memory and then following chains of associations to other,related memories is called
A) chunking.
B) parallel processing.
C) redintegration.
D) mnemonic coding.

Accepted Answer

The process described is the concept of redintegration, where memories are expanded by following chains of associations to related memories. Chunking refers to organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. Parallel processing refers to the ability of the brain to simultaneously process multiple pieces of information. Mnemonic coding refers to techniques used to improve memory, such as using acronyms or visual images.

Question 3

A student will tend to have more retrieveal cues to help with redintegration on a test if he or she uses which of the following when studying?
A) maintenance rehearsal
B) rote learning
C) eidetic imagery
D) elaborative processing

Accepted Answer

Elaborative processing involves forming associations between the new information and existing knowledge, which creates more retrieval cues to aid in recall. This is in contrast to maintenance rehearsal or rote learning, which involve simply repeating the information without much depth of processing. Eidetic imagery, also known as photographic memory, is not a reliable memory strategy that everyone can use.

Question 4

The key idea in redintegration is that
A) one memory serves as a cue to trigger another.
B) recoding and chunking are required for information to be stored in long-term memory.
C) more recent memories are easier to retrieve than long past memories.
D) more errors in remembering occur on the middle items in an ordered list.

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is the process by which one memory triggers the retrieval of another memory. This is achieved through the use of cues or associations that connect the two memories.

Question 5

If Jerry spent a great deal of time studying the concept of reinforcement through rote rehearsal,
A) he will exhibit a thorough understanding of this concept.
B) his memory network for this concept will be sparse and weak.
C) his memory network for this concept will be elaborate and detailed.
D) he will never be able to retrieve the definition of this term.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Jerry spent a great deal of...

Question 6

Redintegration is best explained by using which of the following?
A) the feeling of knowing model
B) recoding and chunking
C) the network model
D) mnemonic models

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is the tendency to remember parts of an experience as a whole, and the network model best explains the process of how different associations can lead to the recall of a complete memory. The feeling of knowing model, recoding and chunking, and mnemonic models do not directly relate to redintegration.

Question 7

Smelling apple pie causes you to have vivid and detailed memories of the happy times that you spent in your grandmother's kitchen.This process is called
A) redintegration.
B) eidetic imagery.
C) chunking or recoding.
D) the serial position effect.

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is a process by which a certain smell, sound, taste, or touch can trigger the recall of an entire set of associated memories. In this case, the smell of apple pie triggers the recall of happy memories of the past associated with this smell. Eidetic imagery refers to the ability to recall images or memories with extreme accuracy and detail. Chunking or recoding is a memory technique that involves grouping information into smaller, more manageable units. The serial position effect refers to the tendency to remember items at the beginning and end of a list more than those in the middle. None of these options fully describes the process of recalling memories triggered by a specific smell as described in the question.

Question 8

Whenever Marian listens to the oldies radio channel,memories of her high school dances and riding around with friends on Saturday night with the "radio blasting" come flooding back in detail.Marian is experiencing
A) redintegration.
B) eidetic imagery.
C) echoic memories.
D) semantic memories.

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is the process by which memories associated with one sense (in this case, hearing a particular song on the oldies radio channel) can trigger memories associated with other senses (such as the sights and sounds of high school dances and Saturday night cruises). This phenomenon is typical of episodic memory, which involves the recall of specific events and situations from one's personal past. Eidetic imagery is the ability to retain and recall detailed visual information, while echoic memories refer specifically to auditory memory. Semantic memories, on the other hand, involve general knowledge and understanding about the world, rather than specific personal experiences.

Question 9

If Erica uses elaborative processing to study the concept of reinforcement,
A) she had to understand this concept in order to encode it this way.
B) her memory network for this concept will be sparse and weak.
C) she will become confused by all the additional information she encoded.
D) she will not be able to retrieve the definition of reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Elaborative processing requires the person to relate and connect new information to prior knowledge, which means that Erica had to understand the concept of reinforcement in order to encode it this way. This method of encoding typically results in a stronger and more meaningful memory network, making option B incorrect. Option C is also incorrect, as elaborative processing does not result in confusion, but rather a deeper understanding of the information. Option D is also incorrect, as elaborative processing typically improves retrieval of information.

Question 10

Students can get a teacher off the subject by asking one slightly off-topic question,which sets up an association with another topic and then to another topic and so on until the teacher is "miles" from what she was originally teaching.This illustrates which model of memory?
A) consolidation model
B) eidetic model
C) pseudoassociation model
D) network model

Accepted Answer

The scenario described in the question is best explained by the network model of memory, which suggests that memories are stored in a network of interconnected nodes, and one memory can activate or lead to the activation of other related memories. This is exactly what happens in the scenario, as the initial slightly off-topic question activates associations with other topics and leads the teacher away from the original topic. The other three options are not applicable or do not fit the scenario as well.

Question 11

The pattern of associations among items of information within one's memory is referred to as
A) memory structure.
B) eidetic imagery.
C) priming.
D) mnemonics.

Accepted Answer

The pattern of associations among items of information within one's memory is referred to as memory structure. Choice B refers to the ability to vividly recall images from memory, choice C refers to the effect of prior exposure on subsequent processing of related stimuli, and choice D refers to strategies or techniques used to help remember information.

Question 12

An entire past experience may be reconstructed from one small recollection through a process known as
A) chunking.
B) parallel processing.
C) redintegration.
D) mnemonic coding.

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is a process where one small piece of information triggers the recall of a larger memory. It allows for the reconstruction of an entire experience from one small recollection. Chunking refers to organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. Parallel processing refers to the brain's ability to process multiple pieces of information simultaneously. Mnemonic coding refers to the use of memory strategies such as visual imagery or association to aid in memory recall.

Question 13

When Georgia looks at an old photograph of herself in the backyard tire swing,a flood of memories comes rushing back.Georgia finds herself going from one memory to the next.According to memory research,this process is referred to as
A) the fundamental attribution effect.
B) redintegration.
C) parallel processing.
D) recovered memory transfer.

Accepted Answer

Redintegration is the process of remembering bits and pieces of information associated with a particular memory, which then leads to the recall of more details and related memories. In this case, Georgia looking at an old photograph triggers memories associated with that moment, leading to a flood of related memories.

Question 14

The fact that it is easier for you to think of a canary as a bird before you think of a canary as an animal is explained by the difference in distance between units of information within the
A) network model.
B) eidetic model.
C) consolidation model.
D) method of loci.

Accepted Answer

The network model explains how information is stored and connected in the brain. The concept of a canary as a bird is likely to be stored closer to other bird-related concepts in the network, making it easier to access and retrieve when prompted with the word "canary."

Question 15

Jerry uses rote learning to study the concept of reinforcement,while Erica uses elaborative processing.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Jerry will understand the concept of reinforcement and will be more likely to directly retrieve the information he needs.
B) Erica will understand the concept of reinforcement and will be more likely to directly retrieve the information she needs.
C) Both will understand the concept and be able to readily retrieve the needed information.
D) Neither will understand the concept nor will they be able to readily retrieve the needed information.

Accepted Answer

Elaborative processing is a more effective method of studying and understanding concepts than rote learning. Erica, who used elaborative processing, will have a deeper understanding of the concept of reinforcement and will be more likely to retrieve the information she needs. Jerry, who used rote learning, may be able to directly retrieve the information but may not fully understand the concept.

Question 16

Jeannette is walking down a street when she passes a man smoking a pipe.When she smelled the smoke of this particular pipe tobacco,memories of her grandfather who smoked the same pipe tobacco began to flood her mind,although her grandfather had died over 25 years ago.Jeannette is experiencing
A) semantic memories.
B) eidetic imagery.
C) echoic memories.
D) redintegration.

Accepted Answer

Jeannette is experiencing redintegration, which is when a certain smell or taste triggers memories and emotions associated with that smell or taste. This can create a vivid recollection of the past, as in Jeannette's case with her grandfather's pipe tobacco. Semantic memories pertain to general knowledge and facts, while eidetic imagery refers to the ability to vividly remember visual images. Echoic memories are sensory memories of sound.

Question 17

Which of the following results from having more elaborate memory networks?
A) more retrieval cues
B) less redintegration
C) more eidetic imagery
D) more encoding failure

Accepted Answer

Elaborate memory networks involve more connections and associations between different pieces of information, leading to more retrieval cues that can be used to access stored information. This can improve memory recall and facilitate the retrieval process. The other choices are not directly linked to having more elaborate memory networks.

Question 18

While studing the concept of reinforcement,Erica asked herself how reinforcement and punishment differ and what kinds of reinforcement (and punishment)there are; and she tried to think of personal examples of the use of reinforcement.Erica is using
A) elaborative processing.
B) rote learning.
C) maintenance rehearsal.
D) chunking or recoding.

Accepted Answer

Erica is actively processing and thinking deeply about the information related to reinforcement and using personal examples to understand it better. This is an example of elaborative processing, which involves connecting new information to existing knowledge and understanding. Rote learning (B) involves simply memorizing information without connecting it to anything else, maintenance rehearsal (C) involves repeating information over and over to maintain it in short-term memory, and chunking or recoding (D) involves organizing information into meaningful groups or categories to aid in memory retention.

Question 19

Units of information in long-term memory are organized in a complex system of linked meanings,according to which model of memory?
A) modular retrieval model
B) network model
C) congruence model
D) serial position model

Accepted Answer

The network model of memory proposes that units of information in long-term memory are not stored in isolation, but rather are organized in a complex system of linked meanings, forming a network of concepts and associations. This model emphasizes the interconnectedness of memories and how they activate and influence each other.

Question 20

According to the network model of memory,the time required to answer questions about objects,events,or individuals depends on
A) the amount of rehearsal used in memorization.
B) the length of the chain of associations that connects them.
C) individual differences in neural memory and processing strategies.
D) the total capacity of individual memory banks.

Accepted Answer

The network model of memory proposes that information is stored in a network of interconnected nodes, with each node representing a concept or piece of knowledge. The time required to answer questions about objects, events, or individuals depends on the length of the chain of associations that connect them within the network. This means that the more strongly an item is connected to other items in memory, the faster it can be retrieved. Rehearsal and individual differences in memory and processing strategies can also impact memory performance, but they are not the primary factors that determine retrieval time according to the network model. Capacity of individual memory banks is not a relevant concept in the network model.

Quiz 7: A: Memory

If Erica uses elaborative processing to study the concept of reinforcement,

The process by which memories are reconstructed or expanded by starting with one memory and then following chains of associations to other,related memories is called

A student will tend to have more retrieveal cues to help with redintegration on a test if he or she uses which of the following when studying?

The key idea in redintegration is that

If Jerry spent a great deal of time studying the concept of reinforcement through rote rehearsal,

Redintegration is best explained by using which of the following?

Smelling apple pie causes you to have vivid and detailed memories of the happy times that you spent in your grandmother's kitchen.This process is called

Whenever Marian listens to the oldies radio channel,memories of her high school dances and riding around with friends on Saturday night with the "radio blasting" come flooding back in detail.Marian is experiencing

If Erica uses elaborative processing to study the concept of reinforcement,

Students can get a teacher off the subject by asking one slightly off-topic question,which sets up an association with another topic and then to another topic and so on until the teacher is "miles" from what she was originally teaching.This illustrates which model of memory?

The pattern of associations among items of information within one's memory is referred to as

An entire past experience may be reconstructed from one small recollection through a process known as

When Georgia looks at an old photograph of herself in the backyard tire swing,a flood of memories comes rushing back.Georgia finds herself going from one memory to the next.According to memory research,this process is referred to as

The fact that it is easier for you to think of a canary as a bird before you think of a canary as an animal is explained by the difference in distance between units of information within the

Jerry uses rote learning to study the concept of reinforcement,while Erica uses elaborative processing.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Jeannette is walking down a street when she passes a man smoking a pipe.When she smelled the smoke of this particular pipe tobacco,memories of her grandfather who smoked the same pipe tobacco began to flood her mind,although her grandfather had died over 25 years ago.Jeannette is experiencing

Which of the following results from having more elaborate memory networks?

While studing the concept of reinforcement,Erica asked herself how reinforcement and punishment differ and what kinds of reinforcement (and punishment) there are; and she tried to think of personal examples of the use of reinforcement.Erica is using

Units of information in long-term memory are organized in a complex system of linked meanings,according to which model of memory?

According to the network model of memory,the time required to answer questions about objects,events,or individuals depends on