Question 1

The MRI scan obtains an image of the brain by using
A) electrode patches placed on the skull.
B) magnetic fields.
C) x-rays.
D) radioactive glucose.

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) uses strong magnetic fields to create images of the brain. Electrodes are used in EEG (Electroencephalography), x-rays are used in CT (Computed Tomography), and radioactive glucose is used in PET (Positron Emission Tomography).

Question 2

In constraint induced movement therapy,a person's good arm is immobilized,which forces the impaired arm to become more active and to increase which of the following processes in the damaged part of his brain?
A) ablation.
B) neurogenesis.
C) lateralization.
D) localization of function.

Accepted Answer

Constraint induced movement therapy is designed to promote neurogenesis, which is the process of creating new brain cells, in the damaged part of the brain. By immobilizing the good arm, the therapy forces the person to use their impaired arm more frequently and intensively, which may promote the growth of new brain cells to support this activity.

Question 3

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function,then we say that the function is __________ in that structure.
A) localized
B) generalized
C) common
D) deintegrated

Accepted Answer

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function, it implies that the function is localized in that structure.

Question 4

Anatomists learned that the brain is made up of many distinct areas or "parts" by cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examining them under a microscope.This procedure being used is known as
A) laterization.
B) neural induction.
C) corticalization.
D) dissection.

Accepted Answer

The procedure being used to cut apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examine them under a microscope is known as dissection.

Question 5

A psychiatrist does a lengthy and thorough examination of a patient in a hospital.This patient was the victim of a car accident,in which a pen that was lying on the dashboard actually pierced her skull and her brain.The psychiatrist performs physical examinations,interviews with the patient and family members,and closely observes her behavior.This technique is known as a(n)
A) clinical case study.
B) ablation.
C) ESB.
D) functional analysis.

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the scenario is a clinical case study, where a detailed examination is done on a particular patient's medical history, symptoms, and behavior. This allows for a more in-depth understanding of the patient's condition and helps the healthcare team determine appropriate treatment options. Ablation refers to the removal or destruction of tissue, ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) is a method used to map brain function, and functional analysis is a type of behavior assessment usually done in applied behavior analysis. None of these terms accurately describe the technique used in the scenario.

Question 6

Which of the following brain tools can be used to map location,shape,and size of brain structures in living brains as well as any abnormal structures,such as tumors,that may be present?
A) CT scan and MRI scan
B) PET scan and EEG
C) ESB
D) deep lesioning

Accepted Answer

CT scan (computed tomography) and MRI scan (magnetic resonance imaging) are the best brain tools for mapping location, shape, and size of brain structures in living brains as well as detecting any abnormal structures such as tumors that may be present. PET scan (positron emission tomography) is used to measure brain activity, while EEG (electroencephalogram) measures electrical activity in the brain. ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) is a technique used in neuroscience research to stimulate specific areas of the brain and observe resulting effects. Deep lesioning involves the intentional destruction of specific parts of the brain and is not used for mapping brain structures.

Question 7

The study of how biological processes,the brain,and the nervous system are related to behavior is called
A) neuroinduction.
B) biopsychology.
C) physiological behaviorism.
D) ablation.

Accepted Answer

Biopsychology is the study of how biological processes, the brain, and the nervous system are related to behavior. Neuroinduction is not a real term in psychology. Physiological behaviorism is a form of behaviorism that emphasizes the role of biological processes in behavior, but it does not encompass all of biopsychology. Ablation is a surgical procedure that involves removing or damaging brain tissue, but it is not a term used to describe the entire field of biopsychology.

Question 8

The technique that uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain is called the
A) ESB.
B) ablation technique.
C) MRI scan.
D) EEG.

Accepted Answer

The MRI scan uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain. Choice A, ESB (Electrical Stimulation of the Brain), involves the application of electrical current to the brain. Choice B, the ablation technique, involves removing or destroying part of the brain tissue. Choice D, EEG (Electroencephalogram), involves measuring electrical activity in the brain through electrodes placed on the scalp.

Question 9

CT scans and MRI scans are considered __________ imaging techniques.
A) structural
B) functional
C) subcortical
D) hemispheric

Accepted Answer

CT scans and MRI scans are used to visualize the structure of the brain and are not designed to measure brain activity or function, making them structural imaging techniques.

Question 10

During practice,a football player experiences symptoms commonly associated with having a stroke.The coaches rush him to the hospital so that the doctors can view the structure of this player's brain using a specialized X-ray technique known as a(n)
A) ESB.
B) CT scan.
C) PET scan.
D) ablation.

Accepted Answer

A CT scan (computed tomography scan) is a specialized X-ray technique used to create detailed images of structures inside the body, including the brain. It can help doctors identify signs of a stroke or other neurological issues. ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) and ablation (removal of tissue with radiofrequency) are not imaging techniques, and a PET (positron emission tomography) scan is not typically used to diagnose a stroke.

Question 11

Using which brain tool is X-ray information collected by a computer from a number of different angles and then formed into an image of the brain to reveal the effects of strokes,injuries,tumors,and other brain disorders?
A) CT scan
B) EEG
C) PET scan
D) functional MRI

Accepted Answer

A CT scan collects X-ray information from different angles to create an image of the brain, which can reveal various brain disorders such as strokes, injuries, and tumors. EEG, PET scan, and functional MRI all use different methods to measure brain activity and do not necessarily reveal these specific types of disorders.

Question 12

After Phineas Gage's accident in which a metal rod entered his brain,the doctors kept notes on his behavior,used tests to measure various responses,and interviewed Phineas and those who knew him.His brain injury was studied using a(n)
A) ablation.
B) clinical case study.
C) ESB.
D) functional analysis.

Accepted Answer

Phineas Gage's case was a clinical case study, where doctors observed and noted his behavior, used tests to measure various responses, and interviewed both Phineas and those who knew him to study the effects of his brain injury.

Question 13

Juan's physician has told him that he wants him to take a test that will give a three-dimensional representation of Juan's brain.This procedure will require Juan to be placed in a strong magnetic field.The test being discussed is the
A) EEG.
B) CT scan.
C) MRI scan.
D) PET scan.

Accepted Answer

The description given pertains to an MRI scan, which uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain's internal structures. EEG measures electrical activity in the brain, CT scans use X-rays to create images, and PET scans use radioactive tracers to visualize brain activity.

Question 14

Clarence was in a car accident,and the doctor suspects that he may have suffered damage to his brain.He is put in a chamber with a strong magnetic field that will yield a three-dimensional picture of Clarence's brain.Which technique is being utilized?
A) EEG
B) MRI
C) PET
D) CT

Accepted Answer

The technique being utilized is MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), which uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain's structure. EEG (Electroencephalography) measures electrical activity in the brain, PET (Positron Emission Tomography) measures metabolic activity in the brain, and CT (Computed Tomography) uses X-rays to create detailed images.

Question 15

When a researcher tries to identify which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions,such as recognizing faces or moving the hands,the basic research strategy is called
A) localization of function.
B) constraint-induced analysis.
C) extrapolated functional analysis.
D) neuroplasticity.

Accepted Answer

The basic research strategy of identifying which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions is called localization of function. This approach involves studying patients with brain damage or neurological disorders to identify which areas of the brain are associated with specific functions.

Question 16

Studies that examine changes in personality,behavior,or sensory capacity caused by brain diseases or injuries and help doctors to localize function by linking psychological or behavioral capacities with particular brain structures are known as __________ studies.
A) neural induction
B) neurogenesis
C) functional analysis
D) clinical case

Accepted Answer

Clinical case studies involve examining individuals with brain injuries or diseases to understand how specific brain structures relate to psychological or behavioral functions.

Question 17

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal,indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus,according to Toro and Deakin,the key to treating this mental disorder may involve new therapies that promote
A) ablation.
B) neurogenesis.
C) lateralization.
D) localization of function.

Accepted Answer

The statement indicates that persons with schizophrenia have fewer neurons, suggesting that promoting neurogenesis (the formation of new neurons) may be a key therapy for treating the disorder. Ablation (the removal of tissue) and localization of function (the specific brain areas responsible for certain functions) are not mentioned in relation to treating schizophrenia, and lateralization (the specialization of hemispheres for certain functions) is not directly related to the issue of neuron loss.

Question 18

A specialized type of X-ray was used to show the area where a tumor was located within a patient's brain.This type of X-ray is known as a(n)
A) computed tomographic scanning.
B) electroencephalography.
C) positron emission tomography.
D) functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Accepted Answer

Computed tomographic scanning, also known as CT or CAT scanning, is a specialized type of X-ray that uses computer processing to produce detailed images of various parts of the body, including the brain. CT scans are often used to identify tumors, as they can distinguish between different types of tissues based on their densities. Electroencephalography, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging are other imaging techniques that may be used for brain imaging, but they are not X-ray-based methods.

Question 19

Jessie is a psychologist who specializes in how a person's biological processes,brain,and nervous system are related to behavior.Jessie would be referred to as a
A) neurogenic psychologist.
B) biopsychologist.
C) physiological behaviorist.
D) cranial behaviorist.

Accepted Answer

A psychologist who specializes in the relationship between biological processes and behavior is referred to as a biopsychologist. This includes studying the brain, nervous system, and hormones, among other biological factors. The other choices (neurogenic psychologist, physiological behaviorist, and cranial behaviorist) are not commonly used terms in the field of psychology.

Question 20

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal,indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus,according to Toro and Deakin,schizophrenia may result from
A) numerous small strokes damaging the brain regions associated with the development of schizophrenia.
B) a deterioration of the myelin sheaths throughout the brain tissue.
C) the inability of the schizophrenic brain to continually create new neurons to replace old ones that have died.
D) a lack of acetylcholine, which cause numerous neurons to rapidly die.

Accepted Answer

The smaller brain size and fewer neurons in persons with schizophrenia suggest that there may be a lack of continuous creation of new neurons to replace old ones that have died, leading to the development of schizophrenia.

Quiz 2: A: Brain and Behavior

The MRI scan obtains an image of the brain by using

In constraint induced movement therapy,a person's good arm is immobilized,which forces the impaired arm to become more active and to increase which of the following processes in the damaged part of his brain?

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function,then we say that the function is __________ in that structure.

Anatomists learned that the brain is made up of many distinct areas or "parts" by cutting apart autopsied human and animal brains and then examining them under a microscope.This procedure being used is known as

Which of the following brain tools can be used to map location,shape,and size of brain structures in living brains as well as any abnormal structures,such as tumors,that may be present?

The study of how biological processes,the brain,and the nervous system are related to behavior is called

The technique that uses a magnetic field to develop an image of the brain is called the

CT scans and MRI scans are considered __________ imaging techniques.

During practice,a football player experiences symptoms commonly associated with having a stroke.The coaches rush him to the hospital so that the doctors can view the structure of this player's brain using a specialized X-ray technique known as a(n)

Using which brain tool is X-ray information collected by a computer from a number of different angles and then formed into an image of the brain to reveal the effects of strokes,injuries,tumors,and other brain disorders?

After Phineas Gage's accident in which a metal rod entered his brain,the doctors kept notes on his behavior,used tests to measure various responses,and interviewed Phineas and those who knew him.His brain injury was studied using a(n)

Juan's physician has told him that he wants him to take a test that will give a three-dimensional representation of Juan's brain.This procedure will require Juan to be placed in a strong magnetic field.The test being discussed is the

Clarence was in a car accident,and the doctor suspects that he may have suffered damage to his brain.He is put in a chamber with a strong magnetic field that will yield a three-dimensional picture of Clarence's brain.Which technique is being utilized?

When a researcher tries to identify which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions,such as recognizing faces or moving the hands,the basic research strategy is called

Studies that examine changes in personality,behavior,or sensory capacity caused by brain diseases or injuries and help doctors to localize function by linking psychological or behavioral capacities with particular brain structures are known as __________ studies.

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal,indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus,according to Toro and Deakin,the key to treating this mental disorder may involve new therapies that promote

A specialized type of X-ray was used to show the area where a tumor was located within a patient's brain.This type of X-ray is known as a(n)

Jessie is a psychologist who specializes in how a person's biological processes,brain,and nervous system are related to behavior.Jessie would be referred to as a

The brains of persons with schizophrenia are usually smaller than normal,indicating that they have fewer neurons.Thus,according to Toro and Deakin,schizophrenia may result from