Question 1

Three-fourths of U.S.adults
A) say same-sex sexual relations are "not wrong at all."
B) support same-sex marriage.
C) favor same-sex civil unions.
D) say same-sex relations are only "sometimes wrong."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Three-fourths of U.S.adults
A) say same-sex sexual relations...

Question 2

Compared with __________,__________ show a stronger cardiovascular response to stress.
A) women; men
B) higher-SES adults; low-SES adults
C) lower-SES adults; high-SES adults
D) men; women

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared with __________,__________ show a stronger cardiovascular...

Question 3

Which of the following individuals is the most likely to experience sexual difficulties?
A) Denise, who has had six partners
B) Franklin, who has had two partners
C) Roland, who is married to his only partner
D) Valerie, who is divorced from her only partner

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following individuals is the...

Question 4

Which of the following statements about sexual coercion is true?
A) Male rape victims report mostly female perpetrators.
B) Less than one-third of all sexual assaults take place while people are intoxicated.
C) Male victims often report that women perpetrators threatened to end the relationship unless the victim complied.
D) Approximately 5 percent of female rape victims are physically injured.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that male victims often report that their female perpetrators threatened to end the relationship unless they complied. This tactic is a form of emotional coercion, which can be just as harmful as physical coercion. Option A is false. According to studies, the vast majority of male rape victims report male perpetrators. Option B is also false. Alcohol and drugs are often involved in sexual assault, and some studies estimate that over half of all sexual assault cases involve substance use by the perpetrator, victim, or both. Option D is also incorrect. A majority of rape victims, both male and female, experience physical injuries. The severity may vary, but it is rare for a rape victim not to have any physical injuries afterward.

Question 5

After a classroom discussion analyzing a piece of literature,Walter is asked which of two interpretations was correct.He replied,"You'd have to ask the author.He wrote it." Walter is using
A) dualistic thinking.
B) relativistic thinking.
C) commitment within relativistic thinking.
D) pragmatic thought.

Accepted Answer

Walter's response reflects dualistic thinking, where he believes there is a single correct interpretation determined by the author.

Question 6

When Garrett attended graduate school,he discovered that the more he knew about the world,the more contradictory it seemed.Everyday dilemmas did not have clear-cut solutions.Garrett's reflections fit the observations of researchers who have studied __________-cognitive development beyond Piaget's formal operational stage.
A) postformal thought
B) epistemic cognition
C) metacognition
D) dualistic thought

Accepted Answer

Postformal thought is the cognitive development stage beyond Piaget's formal operational stage, in which individuals recognize that real-life situations do not always have clear-cut solutions and that knowledge is often contradictory. This concept aligns with Garrett's observations. Epistemic cognition and metacognition are also related to cognitive development, but they do not directly address the contradictions Garrett observed. Dualistic thought refers to an earlier stage of cognitive development in which individuals see things in binary terms, such as right/wrong or good/bad, which is not consistent with Garrett's reflections.

Question 7

Rachel,a college student,is interested in dating several partners before marriage.__________ is/are the best predictor of whether she will become a victim of sexual coercion.
A) The style of clothing she wears
B) Her attitude toward premarital sex
C) Personal characteristics of whom she is dating
D) Her level of education

Accepted Answer

Personal characteristics of whom she is dating is the best predictor of whether Rachel will become a victim of sexual coercion. It is important for her to choose partners who respect her boundaries and consent, as well as communicate openly about their own boundaries and expectations. Clothing style and level of education are not reliable predictors, and attitudes toward premarital sex may not necessarily be related to the likelihood of experiencing coercion.

Question 8

The cognitive changes of early adulthood are supported by further development of the __________ and its connections with other brain regions.
A) occipital lobe
B) cerebellum
C) brain stem
D) prefrontal cortex

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex is responsible for executive functions such as decision-making, planning, and reasoning, which are important for the cognitive changes of early adulthood. This region continues to develop and strengthen its connections with other brain regions during this period.

Question 9

Homosexual adults
A) tend to seek out partners who are similar in background, but not education.
B) who are single have sex more often than those in committed relationships.
C) in committed relationships report more sexual satisfaction than those who are single.
D) report having a high overall frequency of sex.

Accepted Answer

Several studies have consistently shown that homosexual adults in committed relationships report more sexual satisfaction than those who are single. A and B are not necessarily true for all homosexual adults, and D is too general of a statement and may vary among individuals.

Question 10

When men are taught from an early age to be __________ and women to be __________,the themes of rape are reinforced.
A) dominant; competitive
B) competitive; submissive
C) aggressive; dominant
D) submissive; dominant

Accepted Answer

Women are often taught to be submissive, while men are taught to be competitive. This reinforces the idea that men are superior to women and that they have the right to dominate them.

Question 11

__________ more often report depressive feelings than __________.
A) Young adults; middle-aged adults
B) Middle-aged adults; young adults
C) Middle-aged adults; older adults
D) Men; women

Accepted Answer

Young adults more often report depressive feelings than middle-aged adults due to various factors such as life transitions, identity exploration, and social pressures.

Question 12

Victims of ongoing sexual coercion
A) are less likely to engage in negative health behaviors.
B) report fewer symptoms of illness across almost all body systems.
C) tend to be low-income ethnic minorities.
D) may fall into a pattern of extreme passivity and fear.

Accepted Answer

Victims of ongoing sexual coercion may develop learned helplessness and fall into a pattern of extreme passivity and fear. This can make it harder for them to seek help and take action to protect themselves, potentially leading to negative health consequences. However, there is no evidence to suggest that they are less likely to engage in negative health behaviors, and their race or income level does not necessarily play a role in their victimization.

Question 13

According to William Perry,the most mature thinkers progress to
A) commitment within relativistic thinking.
B) dualistic thinking.
C) relativistic thinking.
D) pragmatic thought.

Accepted Answer

According to William Perry's theory of intellectual and ethical development, the most mature thinkers progress beyond dualistic thinking (where there is one right answer and one wrong answer) and relativistic thinking (where all answers are equally valid) to commitment within relativistic thinking. This means that they recognize that there are multiple perspectives and possibilities, but they have chosen a particular stance based on careful reflection and evaluation of evidence. Pragmatic thought is an earlier stage in Perry's model, where individuals focus on what works in practice rather than theoretical frameworks. Therefore, the best choice is A) commitment within relativistic thinking, as this is the highest level of intellectual and ethical development according to Perry's theory.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about the sex lives of American adults is true?
A) People who engage in casual dating have the most physically satisfying sex lives.
B) As number of sex partners increases, satisfaction declines sharply.
C) Most married adults say they are only somewhat happy with their sex lives.
D) More men than women report persistent sexual problems.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that as the number of sexual partners increases, individuals often report a decline in sexual satisfaction, possibly due to lack of emotional connection or increased comparison.

Question 15

Suzanne has come to understand that her religious beliefs are her "truth" and her boyfriend's beliefs are his "truth." Suzanne is using
A) dualistic thinking.
B) relativistic thinking.
C) commitment within relativistic thinking.
D) pragmatic thought.

Accepted Answer

Suzanne's understanding that her beliefs are her own "truth" and her boyfriend's are his own "truth" is an example of relativistic thinking. Relativistic thinking recognizes that truth can vary between individuals and cultures, and there is no universal truth that applies to everyone. By acknowledging that her boyfriend has his own truth, Suzanne is showing a commitment to accepting different perspectives and maintaining an open mind. Dualistic thinking, on the other hand, would only allow for one absolute truth and would not recognize the validity of other perspectives. Pragmatic thought is about using practical reasoning and problem-solving skills to find solutions, but it is not directly applicable to Suzanne's situation.

Question 16

Which of the following adults is the most likely to engage in commitment within relativism?
A) Adam, a 20-year-old college sophomore
B) Helena, a 27-year-old retail clerk
C) Nadia, a 30-year-old college professor
D) Rainer, a 35-year-old salesman

Accepted Answer

Nadia, as a college professor, has likely had more exposure to different perspectives and values. This may lead her to engage in commitment within relativism, which involves committing to certain values while still recognizing and respecting differing perspectives. The other options may not necessarily have had as much exposure or inclination towards this type of thinking.

Question 17

Epistemic cognition
A) refers to our reflections on how we arrive at facts, beliefs, and ideas.
B) involves dividing information, values, and authority, into right and wrong.
C) involves viewing all knowledge as embedded in a framework of thought.
D) occurs when we formulate a more personally satisfying perspective that synthesizes contradictions.

Accepted Answer

Epistemic cognition refers to our thinking about knowledge and how we arrive at facts and beliefs. It involves considering the sources of information and evaluating evidence to form opinions and beliefs.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the impact or prevention of sexual coercion is true?
A) Gender stereotyping and gender inequality have little impact on societal acceptance of sexual coercion.
B) Most child witnesses to parental violence become involved in abusive relationships as adults.
C) In some U.S. states, the legal terms of rape cannot be applied to male victims.
D) Victims of rate and other sexual crimes report fewer symptoms of illness across almost all body systems.

Accepted Answer

In some U.S. states, the legal terms of rape cannot be applied to male victims. This is due to outdated legal definitions and gender stereotypes that assume only women can be victims of rape. This lack of legal recognition can contribute to societal acceptance of sexual coercion against men and hinder the prevention and prosecution of these crimes. The other statements in the options are not true according to current research and understanding of sexual coercion.

Question 19

Michele openly lives her life as a lesbian.Statistics indicate that Michele probably lives in a
A) small town.
B) rural area.
C) mid-sized city.
D) large city.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that LGBT individuals are more likely to live in urban areas, particularly large cities, where there may be more accepting and diverse communities, support networks, and access to resources such as healthcare and legal protections. Furthermore, data suggests that there is a correlation between population density and greater acceptance and visibility of the LGBT community.

Question 20

Ingredients of effective rape intervention include
A) reinforcing rape myths.
B) teaching social skills and social awareness.
C) supporting gender stereotypes with evidence.
D) safety planning, but only if the abuser is still present.

Accepted Answer

Teaching social skills and social awareness is important because it helps individuals recognize and prevent potentially dangerous situations. Reinforcing rape myths and supporting gender stereotypes can perpetuate harmful beliefs and contribute to victim blaming. Safety planning is important regardless of whether the abuser is still present as it can help individuals stay safe in the future.

Quiz 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Three-fourths of U.S.adults

Compared with , show a stronger cardiovascular response to stress.

Which of the following individuals is the most likely to experience sexual difficulties?

Which of the following statements about sexual coercion is true?

After a classroom discussion analyzing a piece of literature,Walter is asked which of two interpretations was correct.He replied,"You'd have to ask the author.He wrote it." Walter is using

Rachel,a college student,is interested in dating several partners before marriage.__________ is/are the best predictor of whether she will become a victim of sexual coercion.

The cognitive changes of early adulthood are supported by further development of the __________ and its connections with other brain regions.

Homosexual adults

When men are taught from an early age to be and women to be ,the themes of rape are reinforced.

more often report depressive feelings than .

Victims of ongoing sexual coercion

According to William Perry,the most mature thinkers progress to

Which of the following statements about the sex lives of American adults is true?

Suzanne has come to understand that her religious beliefs are her "truth" and her boyfriend's beliefs are his "truth." Suzanne is using

Which of the following adults is the most likely to engage in commitment within relativism?

Epistemic cognition

Which of the following statements about the impact or prevention of sexual coercion is true?

Michele openly lives her life as a lesbian.Statistics indicate that Michele probably lives in a

Ingredients of effective rape intervention include