Question 1

Those who study _______________ attempt to provide a more global vision of a criminal career, encompassing its onset, continuation, and termination.

Accepted Answer

developmental criminology

Question 2

Most theories focus on why people get involved in crime. In an important 1993 work, Crime in the Making , Robert Sampson and John Laub instead focused on whether there are trails back to _______.

Accepted Answer

conformity

Question 3

Life course theories recognize that as people mature the factors that influence their behaviors change. At first, family relations may be most influential. In later adolescence, _________ and _________ relations dominate.

Accepted Answer

school, peer,peer, school

Question 4

A cluster of antisocial behaviors is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A cluster of antisocial behaviors is referred...

Question 5

Building __________________positive relations with individuals and institutions that are life sustaining supports conventional behavior and inhibits deviant behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Building __________________positive relations with individuals and institutions...

Question 6

A __________________ is a stable feature, characteristic, property, or condition present at birth or soon after that makes some people crime-prone over the life course.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________________ is a stable feature, characteristic,...

Question 7

Children who are improperly ______ by unskilled parents are the most likely to rebel by wandering the streets with deviant peers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children who are improperly ______ by unskilled...

Question 8

The concept of ____________assumes that the propensity of an individual to participate in antisocial and/or criminal behaviors is a relatively stable trait, unchanging over their life course.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concept of ____________assumes that the propensity...

Question 9

Models of crime causation that weave social and individual variables into a complex explanatory chain are termed ______ theories.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Models of crime causation that weave social...

Question 10

Some offenders are specialists, whereas others are __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some offenders are specialists, whereas others are...

Question 11

__________________, in his Philadelphia cohort research, identified a small group of chronic offenders who engaged in frequent and repeated criminal activity across their life spans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________________, in his Philadelphia cohort research, identified...

Question 12

Integrating ___________, social, and psychological elements, the Gluecks' research suggested that the initiation and continuity of a criminal career was a developmental process influenced by both internal and external situations, conditions, and circumstances.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Integrating ___________, social, and psychological elements, the...

Question 13

In a critical 1990 article, David Rowe, D. Wayne Osgood, and W. Alan Nicewander proposed the concept of _______ to explain the flow of crime over the life cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a critical 1990 article, David Rowe,...

Question 14

___________________ and Eleanor Glueck are today considered founders of the developmental branch of criminological theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________________ and Eleanor Glueck are today considered...

Question 15

According to the principles of age-graded theory, repeated negative life experiences create a condition called __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the principles of age-graded theory,...

Question 16

According to Sampson and Laub, _____ are the life events that alter the development of a criminal career.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Sampson and Laub, _____ are...

Question 17

_________ are cognitive frameworks that help people quickly process and sort through information.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ are cognitive frameworks that help people...

Question 18

When Elaine Eggleston Doherty and Margaret Ensminger analyzed the relationship between marriage and official arrest, they found strong evidence of a ________________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Elaine Eggleston Doherty and Margaret Ensminger...

Question 19

_______ is a view of criminal career formation that holds there are multiple paths to crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is a view of criminal career...

Question 20

Wolfgang found that while many offenders commit a single criminal act and thereafter desist from crime, a small group of ___________________engage in frequent and repeated criminal activity and continue to do so across their life span.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wolfgang found that while many offenders commit...

Quiz 9: Developmental Theories: Life Course, Latent Trait, and Trajectory