Question 1

Probability Sampling ____ is the most basic form of probability sampling.In this method,
We select a portion of the whole population in an unbiased way.
A)Cluster sampling
B)Simple random sampling
C)Stratified random sampling
D)Systematic random sampling

Accepted Answer

Simple random sampling is the most basic form of probability sampling where individuals are selected randomly from the population without any bias. It gives an equal chance of selection to each individual in the population, making it the most unbiased method of sampling.

Question 2

Probability Sampling To increase sampling precision, researchers may randomly sample from
Subjects in each subgroup in the same proportions that exist in the
Population.This technique is called
A)cluster sampling.
B)quota sampling.
C)simple random sampling.
D)stratified random sampling.

Accepted Answer

Stratified random sampling allows for the selection of subgroups within a population and ensures that each subgroup is represented in the sample in the same proportion as it exists in the population. This increases the precision of the sample and can reduce sampling error. Cluster sampling randomly selects groups or clusters within a population, which may not ensure representation of all subgroups. Quota sampling involves selecting participants based on predetermined quotas, which may not accurately reflect the population. Simple random sampling may not address the need for representation of subgroups. Therefore, stratified random sampling is the best choice for increasing sampling precision.

Question 3

Probability Sampling A barrel contains red and white beans.Instead of counting each bean, you
Take a handful of beans and count them, assuming that the proportion of
Colored beans will be consistent throughout the barrel.Which sampling
Method did you use?
A)cluster sampling
B)simple random sampling
C)stratified random sampling
D)systematic random sampling

Accepted Answer

The sampling method used is simple random sampling because the beans are selected randomly without any specific criteria or stratification.

Question 4

Sampling What does a sample's representativeness affect?
A)the ability to generalize experimental findings
B)the experimental design
C)the internal validity of experimental findings
D)the statistics used to analyze experimental data

Accepted Answer

The representativeness of a sample affects the ability to generalize experimental findings to a larger population. If the sample is not representative of the population, then the findings may not apply to the larger population, reducing the external validity of the study. It does not directly affect the experimental design, internal validity, or the statistical analysis of the data, although these factors may be indirectly affected by a poor sample selection.

Question 5

Probability Sampling A researcher uses ____ when she samples naturally occurring groups
Within the population.
A)cluster sampling
B)convenience sampling
C)quota sampling
D)stratified random sampling

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling involves selecting naturally occurring groups within a population and then selecting a random sample of individuals within each group. This would be the best choice for the researcher sampling naturally occurring groups within the population. Convenience sampling (B) involves selecting individuals who are easy to access, quota sampling (C) involves selecting individuals to meet certain demographic criteria, and stratified random sampling (D) involves dividing the population into strata and selecting a random sample from each stratum. These methods may not be appropriate for the researcher sampling naturally occurring groups within the population.

Question 6

Collecting Survey Data Which survey method may result in the least concern with a social
Responsibility response set?
A)computer survey
B)face-to-face interview
C)mail survey
D)telephone interview

Accepted Answer

Computer surveys are less likely to result in a social responsibility response set because respondents are less likely to feel pressure to conform to what they perceive to be the socially desirable response.

Question 7

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data When your questionnaire contains sensitive items that might trigger a social
Desirability response set, you might
A)include a few buffer items.
B)include a few Crowne and Marlowe (1964) scale items.
C)include a nonsense question to identify untruthfulness.
D)include a few Crowne and Marlowe (1964) scale items or a nonsense question.

Accepted Answer

Including either a few Crowne and Marlowe (1964) scale items or a nonsense question can help identify and account for social desirability bias in survey responses. Buffer items may not be sufficient to address this issue.

Question 8

Probability Sampling Researchers often prefer ____ when a population is known to contain
Distinct subgroups.
A)cluster sampling
B)simple random sampling
C)stratified random sampling
D)systematic random sampling

Accepted Answer

When the population is known to contain distinct subgroups, the best choice is stratified random sampling. This involves dividing the population into smaller, more homogeneous groups (or strata) and then randomly selecting individuals from each stratum. This ensures that each subgroup is represented proportionally in the sample, leading to more accurate estimates for each subgroup and the overall population.

Question 9

Collecting Survey Data A low survey return rate signals a potential problem with
A)experimenter bias.
B)position preference.
C)nay-saying and yea-saying .
D)sample bias.

Accepted Answer

A low survey return rate indicates that the sample may not be representative of the population being studied, leading to sample bias. Experimenter bias, position preference, nay-saying, and yea-saying are all potential problems in survey design, but a low return rate specifically points to sample bias.

Question 10

Important Considerations for Survey Items Identify the most serious problem when asked to rate comedian John Stewart
On the following semantic differential items:
Liberal __ __ __ __ __ Conservative
Biased __ __ __ __ __ Unbiased
A)ambiguous wording
B)context effects
C)position preference
D)willingness to answer

Accepted Answer

The wording of the survey item itself appears to be clear and unambiguous, and position preference and willingness to answer are not really factors in this specific survey question. However, the semantic differential items themselves may create context effects that influence how people respond. Depending on how respondents interpret the terms "Liberal" and "Conservative," their responses to the question may be influenced by these contextual associations.

Question 11

Collecting Survey Data Researchers should ____ when asking sensitive questions in face-
To-face interviews.
A)adjust their tone of voice to each subject
B)establish trust
C)maintain a detached appearance
D)vary the way you ask questions

Accepted Answer

Establishing trust is important when asking sensitive questions in face-to-face interviews. This can help the respondent feel more comfortable and willing to share honest answers. Adjusting tone of voice and varying the way questions are asked can also be helpful, but establishing trust is the most important factor. Maintaining a detached appearance may actually hinder the establishment of trust.

Question 12

Collecting Survey Data Response rates for telephone surveys usually fall between
A)10-15%.
B)25-35%.
C)45-75%.
D)60-90%.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Collecting Survey Data Response rates for telephone...

Question 13

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data A reliable survey should possess all of these qualities except:
A)Responses to similar questions in the survey should be consistent.
B)The survey should generate very similar responses across different survey-givers.
C)The survey should generate very similar responses if given to the same person multiple times.
D)The survey should measure what you want it to measure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data A reliable...

Question 14

Sampling Wyatt randomly selects every tenth name from his fraternity roster to monitor
An upcoming date party.The chosen members constitute a ____ or subset
Of the population from which they were drawn.
A)cluster
B)cohort
C)factor
D)sample

Accepted Answer

Wyatt is selecting a portion of the population, which is a sample. The sample is selected randomly, but not based on any clusters or factors. A cohort refers to a group of individuals who share a common characteristic or experience, which does not apply to this scenario.

Question 15

Sampling The term, ____, refers to all people, animals, or objects that share at
Least one characteristic.
A)cluster
B)factor
C)population
D)sample

Accepted Answer

The term "population" refers to all people, animals, or objects that share at least one characteristic, as stated in the question. Choice A, "cluster," refers to a method of sampling where subjects are selected based on their geographic location. Choice B, "factor," is a term used in statistical analysis to refer to a variable that may influence the outcome of a study. Choice D, "sample," refers to a smaller group of individuals selected from the population to represent the characteristics of the population in a study.

Question 16

Important Considerations for Survey Items Immediately after designing questions for an inventory, you should
A)ask subjects to read and respond to each question.
B)ask subjects to rate question difficulty.
C)ask subjects which problems made a question difficult to answer.
D)read each question out loud to yourself.

Accepted Answer

Reading each question out loud to yourself helps you identify any potential problems with the question, such as unclear wording or confusing instructions.

Question 17

Probability Sampling To measure opinion about banning smoking in bars and restaurants, voters
Are randomly chosen to receive a questionnaire within selected zip codes.
This illustrates
A)cluster sampling.
B)convenience sampling.
C)quota sampling.
D)stratified random sampling.

Accepted Answer

Cluster sampling is used here because the population is divided into clusters (zip codes in this case), and then a random sample of these clusters is chosen to receive the questionnaire.

Question 18

Probability Sampling Random selection of subjects means that
A)any member of the population has an equal opportunity to be selected.
B)results from the sample will be consistent if the survey is re-administered.
C)sample scores are normally distributed.
D)the sample will always represent the population from which it was drawn.

Accepted Answer

Random selection of subjects means that any member of the population has an equal opportunity to be selected, ensuring that the sample represents the population.

Question 19

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data Which of the following statements describe a valid survey?
A)Performance on the survey predicts actual behavior.
B)The survey measures what you want it to measure.
C)The survey provides the same results as other surveys designed to measure similar topics.
D)all of these are correct

Accepted Answer

A valid survey should be able to predict actual behavior, measure what it intends to measure, and provide consistent results with other surveys designed to measure the same topic. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 20

Collecting Survey Data Which of the following is an advantage of administering questionnaires in a
Group setting?
A)answers will be less affected by social desirability
B)data collection will be easier
C)each subject will take less time to complete the questionnaire
D)subjects will take the questionnaire more seriously

Accepted Answer

Administering questionnaires in a group setting makes data collection easier because it allows for the simultaneous collection of data from multiple respondents, reducing logistical complexities and potentially saving time and resources.

Quiz 4: Alternatives to Experimentation: Surveys and Interviews

Probability Sampling ____ is the most basic form of probability sampling.In this method, We select a portion of the whole population in an unbiased way.

Probability Sampling To increase sampling precision, researchers may randomly sample from Subjects in each subgroup in the same proportions that exist in the Population.This technique is called

Probability Sampling A barrel contains red and white beans.Instead of counting each bean, you Take a handful of beans and count them, assuming that the proportion of Colored beans will be consistent throughout the barrel.Which sampling Method did you use?

Sampling What does a sample's representativeness affect?

Probability Sampling A researcher uses ____ when she samples naturally occurring groups Within the population.

Collecting Survey Data Which survey method may result in the least concern with a social Responsibility response set?

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data When your questionnaire contains sensitive items that might trigger a social Desirability response set, you might

Probability Sampling Researchers often prefer ____ when a population is known to contain Distinct subgroups.

Collecting Survey Data A low survey return rate signals a potential problem with

Important Considerations for Survey Items Identify the most serious problem when asked to rate comedian John Stewart On the following semantic differential items: Liberal Conservative Biased Unbiased

Collecting Survey Data Researchers should ____ when asking sensitive questions in face- To-face interviews.

Collecting Survey Data Response rates for telephone surveys usually fall between

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data A reliable survey should possess all of these qualities except:

Sampling Wyatt randomly selects every tenth name from his fraternity roster to monitor An upcoming date party.The chosen members constitute a ____ or subset Of the population from which they were drawn.

Sampling The term, ____, refers to all people, animals, or objects that share at Least one characteristic.

Important Considerations for Survey Items Immediately after designing questions for an inventory, you should

Probability Sampling To measure opinion about banning smoking in bars and restaurants, voters Are randomly chosen to receive a questionnaire within selected zip codes. This illustrates

Probability Sampling Random selection of subjects means that

Evaluating Surveys and Survey Data Which of the following statements describe a valid survey?

Collecting Survey Data Which of the following is an advantage of administering questionnaires in a Group setting?