Question 1

Quasi-Experimental Designs Longitudinal and cross-sectional designs tend to be high in
A)imposition of units.
B)internal validity.
C)manipulation of antecedents.
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Quasi-Experimental Designs Longitudinal and cross-sectional designs tend...

Question 2

Quasi-Experimental Designs Choose the quasi-experimental design in which subjects of different ages are measured at the same time to compare their attitudes.
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)ex post facto study
D)longitudinal design

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study would be the best choice for comparing attitudes of subjects of different ages at the same time. This design involves selecting participants from different age groups and measuring their attitudes at a single point in time. This allows for comparisons to be made between different age groups, but does not track changes in attitudes over time.

Question 3

Quasi-Experimental Designs Which design's internal validity is most threatened by the possibility of
Practice effects?
A)cross-lagged panel
B)cross-sectional
C)ex post facto
D)pretest/posttest

Accepted Answer

Pretest/posttest designs are most threatened by practice effects because the act of taking the pretest may influence participants' performance on the posttest, leading to inflated or deflated results.

Question 4

Quasi-Experimental Designs Select the quasi-experimental design in which the same subjects are
Measured at different points in time to see if their behavior has changed.
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)ex post facto study
D)longitudinal design

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal design involves measuring the same subjects at different points in time to see if their behavior has changed. The other options do not involve measuring the same subjects over time.

Question 5

Quasi-Experimental Designs Longitudinal designs can be challenging due to
A)extensive time commitment.
B)low external validity.
C)subject dropout.
D)extensive time commitment and subject dropout.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal designs require a significant time commitment from both the researchers and the participants, often leading to subject dropout. This can lead to a decrease in external validity and limit the generalizability of the results. Therefore, choice D is the best answer as it highlights both of these challenges.

Question 6

Quasi-Experimental Designs The Solomon 4-group design is an extension of the ____ design.
A)cross-lagged panel
B)cross-sectional
C)ex post facto
D)pretest/posttest

Accepted Answer

The Solomon 4-group design is an extension of the pretest/posttest design. This design includes two experimental groups and two control groups, with one experimental and one control group receiving a pretest before the experimental manipulation, while the other experimental and control group do not receive a pretest. This allows researchers to assess whether the pretest itself has an effect on the outcome variables, and also provides an opportunity to control for preexisting differences between the groups.

Question 7

Quasi-Experimental Designs If a researcher studies sibling rivalry by comparing pairs in which the oldest
Member is 10-years-old with pairs in which she is 13-years-old, she is using a
____ design.
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)longitudinal design
D)pretest/posttest design

Accepted Answer

The researcher is comparing two different age groups at one point in time, which is characteristic of a cross-sectional study. The other options do not fit the described research design.

Question 8

Quasi-Experimental Designs If a researcher studies the effectiveness of anti-drug commercials by
Comparing the self-reported frequency of drug use among teens for a 6-
Month period before and after the commercials aired, she is using a(n)
____ design.
A)cross-lagged panel
B)cross-sectional
C)ex post facto
D)pretest/posttest

Accepted Answer

The researcher is comparing the self-reported frequency of drug use before and after the commercials aired, which is an example of a pretest/posttest design. The other options are not applicable or do not fit the description of the study design.

Question 9

Quasi-Experimental Designs Researchers measured the sugared-beverage consumption and obesity of
The same children for two years.They found that when these children added
One sugared drink a day to their diet, their risk of obesity increased 60%.
Which quasi-experimental design did they use?
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)longitudinal design
D)pretest/posttest design

Accepted Answer

The researchers measured the same children's sugared-beverage consumption and obesity for two years, indicating that they used a longitudinal design.

Question 10

Quasi-Experimental Designs To determine whether drinking wine with dinner can reduce blood cholesterol
Levels, a researcher measured cholesterol in a group of middle-aged men.
She compared cholesterol levels during 2 months in which they abstained
From alcohol and the next 2 months in which they drank 2 ounces of red
Wine with dinner.Which research design did she use?
A)cross-lagged panel
B)cross-sectional
C)ex post facto
D)pretest/posttest

Accepted Answer

The researcher used a pretest/posttest design, where she measured cholesterol levels before the intervention (abstaining from alcohol) and after the intervention (drinking 2 ounces of red wine with dinner). This allows for a comparison of cholesterol levels before and after the treatment, which is the hallmark of a quasi-experimental design.

Question 11

Quasi-Experimental Designs In a pretest/posttest design, participants may improve with repeated testing
Due to increased familiarity with a test.This problem is called
A)bidirectional causation.
B)practice effects.
C)regression to the mean.
D)the third variable problem.

Accepted Answer

Practice effects refer to the phenomenon where participants may improve in their performance simply due to repeated exposure to a test or task. This can create a problem in pretest/posttest designs where improvement may be attributed to the intervention when it is actually due to repeated testing.

Question 12

Quasi-Experimental Designs Which quasi-experimental design would you use to compare time spent this
Month in chat rooms by college freshmen and seniors?
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)ex post facto study
D)longitudinal design

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional study is appropriate for comparing different groups (in this case, college freshmen and seniors) at a single point in time, which aligns with the goal of comparing time spent in chat rooms during a specific month.

Question 13

Quasi-Experimental Designs A researcher wants to study change in student attitudes towards body
Piercing across their 4 years of high school.Which quasi-experimental
Design should she use?
A)cross-lagged panel design
B)cross-sectional study
C)ex post facto study
D)longitudinal design

Accepted Answer

The best choice for studying change in student attitudes towards body piercing across their 4 years of high school is a longitudinal design. This design allows the researcher to follow the same group of students over time and observe changes in their attitudes towards body piercing. Cross-lagged panel designs are also longitudinal, but they involve measuring the same variables at multiple time points to establish causal relationships, which may not be necessary for this particular study. Cross-sectional studies and ex post facto studies are not appropriate for studying change over time.

Quiz 5: Alternatives to Experimentation: Correlational and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs Longitudinal and cross-sectional designs tend to be high in

Quasi-Experimental Designs Choose the quasi-experimental design in which subjects of different ages are measured at the same time to compare their attitudes.

Quasi-Experimental Designs Which design's internal validity is most threatened by the possibility of Practice effects?

Quasi-Experimental Designs Select the quasi-experimental design in which the same subjects are Measured at different points in time to see if their behavior has changed.

Quasi-Experimental Designs Longitudinal designs can be challenging due to

Quasi-Experimental Designs The Solomon 4-group design is an extension of the ____ design.

Quasi-Experimental Designs If a researcher studies sibling rivalry by comparing pairs in which the oldest Member is 10-years-old with pairs in which she is 13-years-old, she is using a ____ design.

Quasi-Experimental Designs If a researcher studies the effectiveness of anti-drug commercials by Comparing the self-reported frequency of drug use among teens for a 6- Month period before and after the commercials aired, she is using a(n) ____ design.

Quasi-Experimental Designs Researchers measured the sugared-beverage consumption and obesity of The same children for two years.They found that when these children added One sugared drink a day to their diet, their risk of obesity increased 60%. Which quasi-experimental design did they use?

Quasi-Experimental Designs In a pretest/posttest design, participants may improve with repeated testing Due to increased familiarity with a test.This problem is called

Quasi-Experimental Designs Which quasi-experimental design would you use to compare time spent this Month in chat rooms by college freshmen and seniors?

Quasi-Experimental Designs A researcher wants to study change in student attitudes towards body Piercing across their 4 years of high school.Which quasi-experimental Design should she use?