Deck 5: Understanding Spectators As Consumers

Question 1

The text uses a model to show relationships between spectators and participants from different sports.According to this model,which of the following would have the highest spectator-to-participant involvement?

A) golf spectators; golf participants
B) professional basketball spectators; basketball participants
C) NASCAR spectators; NASCAR participants
D) running spectators; running participants
E) none of the above

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Layout accessibility refers to _____.

A) scoreboard design
B) whether or not fans can move freely about the stadium
C) the relationship between luxury suites and general seating
D) the ease of reading a team's ads and programs
E) all of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

BIRGing and CORFing are manifestations of _____.

A) sports involvement
B) selective perception
C) self-esteem enhancement
D) selective retention
E) both a and d

Answer 3

C

Question 4

According to the text,one difference between spectators and participants is with respect to socioeconomic characteristics and media habits.

Question 5

The self-esteem enhancement factor (fan motivation)is when fans watch sports as a means of getting away from it all.

Question 6

According to the text,the physical surroundings of a venue that impact spectators' desire to stay at the venue and ultimately return to the venue are called _____.

A) ambience
B) mise-en-scène
C) sportscape
D) raison d'être
E) sportqual

Question 7

The fan motivation factor that is based on the notion that fans like to attend games because the events are exciting to the senses is called _____.

A) diversionary
B) aesthetics
C) eustress
D) need for affiliation
E) both a and b

Question 8

Game attractiveness is a situational factor for fan motivation attendance,and it usually stays the same from game to game and from week to week.

Question 9

The excitement that NASCAR fans feel at the Daytona 500 when the announcer says "Gentlemen,start your engines" would be considered the eustress factor for fan attendance.

Question 10

According to the text,the foundation of any strategic sports marketing process is understanding why spectators attend sporting events or _____.

A) environmental factors
B) fan motivation factors
C) sociological factors
D) psychological factors
E) none of the above

Question 11

Jim is attending the NY Jets game on Sunday.He finds that the new parking lot is very accessible from the freeway.On his way to his seat,he notices that entranceways have been painted the NY Jets color.When he gets to his seat,there are new and more spacious seats for his section.Jim has decided to buy season tickets based on these factors.In the text,this would be considered the sportscape factor.

Question 12

Which of the following would NOT be a demographic factor for game attendance?

A) age
B) gender
C) occupation
D) education
E) All of the above are demographic factors for game attendance.

Question 13

_____ refers to the interior and exterior appearance of the stadium.

A) Stadium accessibility
B) Facility aesthetics
C) Scoreboard quality
D) Seating comfort
E) Space allocation

Question 14

Fans who attend sporting events primarily for the social interaction or entertainment benefit of the event are said to possess _____.

A) high-level fan identification
B) medium-level fan identification
C) low-level fan identification
D) unfocused fan identification
E) none of the above

Question 15

High-identification fans should mean _____.

A) decreased performance outcome sensitivity
B) lower player identification
C) increased scoreboard quality
D) lower fan resistance to ticket price increases
E) none of the above

Question 16

Sports fans who still support their favorite team when it is in a losing streak can be said to exhibit _____.

A) high identification
B) managerial benefits
C) economic value
D) selective diversion
E) selective identification

Question 17

According to the text,demographic factors or variables,such as age,gender, education,occupation,and ethnic backgrounds,are all found to be related to game attendance.

Question 18

According to the text,the entertainment value factor and the diversion from everyday life factor are closely related in motives for fan attendance at sporting events.

Question 19

Seating comfort and layout accessibility are both directly related to _____.

A) pleasure
B) perceived crowding
C) desire to stay at the game
D) sportscape
E) both a and c

Question 20

According to the text,which of the following is the LEAST motivating of all the factors?

A) economic value
B) eustress
C) entertainment
D) diversion from everyday life
E) need for affiliation

Question 21

Fans who attend sporting events primarily for the entertainment benefit of the event characterize low-level identification.

Question 22

In the text,there are five differences listed between sport spectators and participants.List two of these five and discuss.

Question 23

According to the text,perceived crowding is believed to have a negative influence on the sport spectator's pleasure.

Question 24

Discuss the model of sportscape and describe why it is important to sports marketers. How could your favorite MLB team apply the sportscape model?

Question 25

Explain how the diversion from everyday life factor for fan attendance could be associated with your favorite NCAA Division 1A football team.

Question 26

List and describe the types of fan identification.

Question 27

List and describe the two types of economic factors that can affect game attendance.

Question 28

In the text,there are only two levels for fan identification: low (social)and high (vested).